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今日

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Chinese

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today; modern; present
today; modern; present; current; this; now
 
day; sun; date
day; sun; date; day of the month; Japan (abbrev.)
 
trad. (今日) 今 日
simp. #(今日) 今 日

Pronunciation

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Note: gam1 mat6 - from assimilation.
Note:
  • gim1 rig8 - Chaozhou, Shantou;
  • ging1 rig8 - Chaozhou;
  • gim1 rêg8 - Jieyang.
Note:
  • jin1 r6 - vernacular;
  • jin1 nyi6 - literary.
    • (Loudi)
      • Wiktionary: jin1 ni4* / din1 ni4*
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕin⁴⁴ ni³⁵⁻⁵/, /tin⁴⁴ ni³⁵⁻⁵/
    • (Hengyang)
      • Wiktionary: jin1 xi2 / ji1 i2
      • Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕin⁴⁴⁵ ɕi¹¹/, /t͡ɕi⁴⁴⁵ i¹¹/

Rime
Character 今 日
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 侵 (140) 質 (48)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 居吟切 人質切
Baxter kim nyit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kˠiɪm/ /ȵiɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/kᵚim/ /ȵit̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/kiem/ /ȵʑjet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kjim/ /ȵit̚/
Li
Rong
/kjəm/ /ȵiĕt̚/
Wang
Li
/kĭĕm/ /ȵʑĭĕt̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ki̯əm/ /ȵʑi̯ĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jīn rì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gam1 jat6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 今 日
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
jīn rì
Middle
Chinese
‹ kim › ‹ nyit ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]r[ə]m/ /*C.nik/
English now sun; day

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 今 日
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 6599 10845
Phonetic
component
今 日
Rime
group
侵 質
Rime
subdivision
1 2
Corresponding
MC rime
金 日
Old
Chinese
/*krɯm/ /*njiɡ/
Notes 文源謂含初文

Noun

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今日

  1. (formal or dialectal) today
    今日我去咗行山。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
    gam1 jat6 ngo5 heoi3 zo2 haang4 saan1. [Jyutping]
    I went hiking today.
  2. (formal or dialectal) nowadays; the present time

Usage notes

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今日 is considered formal in Standard Mandarin.

Synonyms

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  • (today):

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (今日):

Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
今 日
きょう
Grade: 2 Grade: 1
jukujikun
For pronunciation and definitions of 今日 – see the following entry.
【きょう】
[noun] today
[proper noun] a female given name
(This term, 今日, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Usage notes

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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
今 日
こん
Grade: 2
にち
Grade: 1
goon

From Middle Chinese compound 今日 (MC kim nyit). Compare modern Taishanese reading gim1 ngit4.

The goon, so likely the original reading of the term as first borrowed from Middle Chinese.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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今(こん)日(にち) • (konnichi) 

  1. today, this day
    Synonym: 本日 (honjitsu)
  2. nowadays
    Synonyms: 此の頃 (konogoro), 現在 (genzai), 現代 (gendai)
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
今 日
こん
Grade: 2
にち > ち
Grade: 1
on'yomi irregular

/koɲɲit͡ɕi/ → /koɲt͡ɕi/

Shift from konnichi above. Used dialectally in the Shitamachi area of Tokyo since the Edo period.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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今(こん)日(ち) • (konchi) 

  1. alternative form of こんにち (konnichi) above

Etymology 4

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Kanji in this term
今 日
こん
Grade: 2
じつ
Grade: 1
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 今日 (MC kim nyit). Compare modern Cantonese reading gam1 jat6.

Change in reading from konnichi, keeping the earlier goon reading kon for 今, but substituting the later kan'on reading jitsu for 日.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [kõ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑit͡sɨ]

Noun

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今(こん)日(じつ) • (konjitsu) 

  1. today, this day
  2. nowadays
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Coordinate terms

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References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja in this term
今日

Noun

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今日 • (geumil) (hangeul 금일)

  1. hanja form? of 금일 (“today”)

Okinawan

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
今 日
Grade: 2 Grade: 1

First attested as 쿄오 (/⁠kʰʲo.o⁠/) (Haytong Ceykwukki, 1501).

Cognate with Japanese 今日(きょう) (kyō), and showing evidence of the affrication process common in Okinawan caused by "regressive palatalization", in which the earlier /k-/ consonant to shift when followed by /i/ or /j-/.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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今日(ちゅー) (chū) 

  1. today

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
今 日
Grade: 2 Grade: 1

Noun

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今日(きゆ) (kiyu) 

  1. (literary) きゆ: today

References

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  • “ちゅー【今日】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
  • “チュー” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).
  • “キユ” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).