ὄλλυμι
Appearance
Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- ὀλλύω (ollúō)
Etymology
[edit]From the Greek descendant of Proto-Indo-European *h₃elh₁- (“destroy”) + -νῡμῐ (-nūmĭ), with assimilation of *-λν- (*-ln-) to -λλ- (-ll-). Compare Latin ab-oleō, which may be related.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ól.lyː.mi/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈol.ly.mi/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈol.ly.mi/
- (10th CE Medieval) IPA(key): /ˈol.ly.mi/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈo.li.mi/
Verb
[edit]ὄλλῡμῐ • (óllūmĭ)
- to destroy, make an end of
- to lose
- (middle voice, passive voice and perfect)
- to perish; to come to an end
- c. 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 164:
- ἔσσεται ἦμαρ, ὅτ’ ἄν ποτ’ ὀλώλῃ Ἴλιος ἱρὴ
καὶ Πρίαμος καὶ λαὸς ἐϋμμελίω Πριάμοιο.- éssetai êmar, hót’ án pot’ olṓlēi Ílios hirḕ
kaì Príamos kaì laòs eümmelíō Priámoio. - [Agamemnon speaking] The day will come, when sacred Ilios has fallen and Priamos and the ashen-speared folk of Priamos.
- éssetai êmar, hót’ án pot’ olṓlēi Ílios hirḕ
- ἔσσεται ἦμαρ, ὅτ’ ἄν ποτ’ ὀλώλῃ Ἴλιος ἱρὴ
- to be ruined; to be undone
- to perish; to come to an end
Conjugation
[edit] Present: ὄλλῡμῐ, ὄλλῠμαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ὤλλῡν | ὤλλῡς | ὤλλῡ | ὤλλῠτον | ὠλλῠ́την | ὤλλῠμεν | ὤλλῠτε | ὤλλῠσᾰν | ||||
| middle/ |
indicative | ὠλλῠ́μην | ὤλλῠσο | ὤλλῠτο | ὤλλῠσθον | ὠλλῠ́σθην | ὠλλῠ́μεθᾰ | ὤλλῠσθε | ὤλλῠντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ὤλλῠον, ὤλλῡν |
ὤλλῠες, ὤλλῡς |
ὤλλῠε, ὤλλῡ |
ὤλλῠτον | ὠλλῠ́την | ὤλλῠμεν | ὤλλῠτε | ὤλλῠσᾰν | ||||
| middle/ |
indicative | ὠλλῠ́μην | ὤλλῠσο | ὤλλῠτο | ὤλλῠσθον | ὠλλῠ́σθην | ὠλλῠ́με(σ)θᾰ | ὤλλῠσθε | ὤλλῠντο | ||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ὀλέω | ὀλέεις | ὀλέει | ὀλέετον | ὀλέετον | ὀλέομεν | ὀλέετε | ὀλέουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | ὀλέοιμῐ | ὀλέοις | ὀλέοι | ὀλέοιτον | ὀλεοίτην | ὀλέοιμεν | ὀλέοιτε | ὀλέοιεν | |||||
| middle | indicative | ὀλέομαι | ὀλέῃ, ὀλέει |
ὀλέεται | ὀλέεσθον | ὀλέεσθον | ὀλεόμεθᾰ | ὀλέεσθε | ὀλέονται | ||||
| optative | ὀλεοίμην | ὀλέοιο | ὀλέοιτο | ὀλέοισθον | ὀλεοίσθην | ὀλεοίμεθᾰ | ὀλέοισθε | ὀλέοιντο | |||||
| active | middle | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | ὀλέειν | ὀλέεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | ὀλέων | ὀλεόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | ὀλέουσᾰ | ὀλεομένη | |||||||||||
| n | ὀλέον | ὀλεόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ὀλῶ | ὀλεῖς | ὀλεῖ | ὀλεῖτον | ὀλεῖτον | ὀλοῦμεν | ὀλεῖτε | ὀλοῦσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | ὀλοίην, ὀλοῖμῐ |
ὀλοίης, ὀλοῖς |
ὀλοίη, ὀλοῖ |
ὀλοῖτον, ὀλοίητον |
ὀλοίτην, ὀλοιήτην |
ὀλοῖμεν, ὀλοίημεν |
ὀλοῖτε, ὀλοίητε |
ὀλοῖεν, ὀλοίησᾰν | |||||
| middle | indicative | ὀλοῦμαι | ὀλεῖ, ὀλῇ |
ὀλεῖται | ὀλεῖσθον | ὀλεῖσθον | ὀλούμεθᾰ | ὀλεῖσθε | ὀλοῦνται | ||||
| optative | ὀλοίμην | ὀλοῖο | ὀλοῖτο | ὀλοῖσθον | ὀλοίσθην | ὀλοίμεθᾰ | ὀλοῖσθε | ὀλοῖντο | |||||
| active | middle | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | ὀλεῖν | ὀλεῖσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | ὀλῶν | ὀλούμενος | ||||||||||
| f | ὀλοῦσᾰ | ὀλουμένη | |||||||||||
| n | ὀλοῦν | ὀλούμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ὀλέσω | ὀλέσεις | ὀλέσει | ὀλέσετον | ὀλέσετον | ὀλέσομεν | ὀλέσετε | ὀλέσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | ὀλέσοιμῐ | ὀλέσοισ(θᾰ) | ὀλέσοι | ὀλέσοιτον | ὀλεσοίτην | ὀλέσοιμεν | ὀλέσοιτε | ὀλέσοιεν | |||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ὀλέσειν, ὀλεσέμεν(αι), ὀλέσμεν(αι) |
||||||||||||
| participle | m | ὀλέσων | |||||||||||
| f | ὀλέσουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | ὀλέσον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ὀλέσω | ὀλέσεις | ὀλέσει | ὀλέσετον | ὀλέσετον | ὀλέσομες | ὀλέσετε | ὀλέσοντῐ | ||||
| optative | ὀλέσοιμῐ | ὀλέσοις | ὀλέσοι | ὀλέσοιτον | ὀλεσοίτᾱν | ὀλέσοιμες | ὀλέσοιτε | ὀλέσοιεν | |||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ὀλέσεν | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ὀλέσων | |||||||||||
| f | ὀλέσουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | ὀλέσον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Aorist: ὤλεσᾰ
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ὤλεσᾰ | ὤλεσᾰς | ὤλεσε(ν) | ὠλέσᾰτον | ὠλεσᾰ́την | ὠλέσᾰμεν | ὠλέσᾰτε | ὤλεσᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | ὀλέσω | ὀλέσῃς | ὀλέσῃ | ὀλέσητον | ὀλέσητον | ὀλέσωμεν | ὀλέσητε | ὀλέσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ὀλέσαιμῐ | ὀλέσειᾰς, ὀλέσαις |
ὀλέσειε(ν), ὀλέσαι |
ὀλέσαιτον | ὀλεσαίτην | ὀλέσαιμεν | ὀλέσαιτε | ὀλέσειᾰν, ὀλέσαιεν | |||||
| imperative | ὄλεσον | ὀλεσᾰ́τω | ὀλέσᾰτον | ὀλεσᾰ́των | ὀλέσᾰτε | ὀλεσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ὀλέσαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ὀλέσᾱς | |||||||||||
| f | ὀλέσᾱσᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | ὀλέσᾰν | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ὄλεσσᾰ | ὄλεσσᾰς | ὄλεσσε(ν) | ὀλέσσᾰτον | ὀλεσσᾰ́την | ὀλέσσᾰμεν | ὀλέσσᾰτε | ὄλεσσᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | ὀλέσσω(μῐ) | ὀλέσσῃσ(θᾰ) | ὀλέσσῃσῐ(ν), ὀλέσσῃ |
ὀλέσσητον, ὀλέσσετον |
ὀλέσσητον, ὀλέσσετον |
ὀλέσσωμεν, ὀλέσσομεν |
ὀλέσσητε, ὀλέσσετε |
ὀλέσσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ὀλέσσαιμῐ | ὀλέσσαισ(θᾰ), ὀλέσσειᾰσ(θᾰ) |
ὀλέσσειε(ν), ὀλέσσαι |
ὀλέσσαιτον | ὀλεσσαίτην | ὀλέσσαιμεν | ὀλέσσαιτε | ὀλέσσειᾰν, ὀλέσσαιεν | |||||
| imperative | ὄλεσσον | ὀλεσσᾰ́τω | ὀλέσσᾰτον | ὀλεσσᾰ́των | ὀλέσσᾰτε | ὀλεσσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ὀλέσσαι, ὀλεσσᾰ́μεν(αι) |
||||||||||||
| participle | m | ὀλέσσᾱς | |||||||||||
| f | ὀλέσσᾱσᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | ὀλέσσᾰν | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Aorist: ὠλόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ὠλόμην | ὤλου | ὤλετο | ὤλεσθον | ὠλέσθην | ὠλόμεθᾰ | ὤλεσθε | ὤλοντο | ||||
| subjunctive | ὄλωμαι | ὄλῃ | ὄληται | ὄλησθον | ὄλησθον | ὀλώμεθᾰ | ὄλησθε | ὄλωνται | |||||
| optative | ὀλοίμην | ὄλοιο | ὄλοιτο | ὄλοισθον | ὀλοίσθην | ὀλοίμεθᾰ | ὄλοισθε | ὄλοιντο | |||||
| imperative | ὀλοῦ | ὀλέσθω | ὄλεσθον | ὀλέσθων | ὄλεσθε | ὀλέσθων | |||||||
| middle | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ὀλέσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ὀλόμενος | |||||||||||
| f | ὀλομένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ὀλόμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ὠλόμην | ὤλεο, ὤλευ |
ὤλετο | ὤλεσθον | ὠλέσθην | ὠλόμε(σ)θᾰ | ὤλεσθε | ὤλοντο | ||||
| subjunctive | ὄλωμαι | ὄληαι | ὄληται | ὄλησθον | ὄλησθον | ὀλώμε(σ)θᾰ | ὄλησθε | ὄλωνται | |||||
| optative | ὀλοίμην | ὄλοιο | ὄλοιτο | ὄλοισθον | ὀλοίσθην | ὀλοίμε(σ)θᾰ | ὄλοισθε | ὀλοίᾰτο | |||||
| imperative | ὄλεο, ὄλευ |
ὀλέσθω | ὄλεσθον | ὀλέσθων | ὄλεσθε | ὀλέσθων | |||||||
| middle | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ὀλέσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ὀλόμενος | |||||||||||
| f | ὀλομένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ὀλόμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ὀλόμην | ὄλεο, ὄλευ |
ὄλετο | ὄλεσθον | ὀλέσθην | ὀλόμε(σ)θᾰ | ὄλεσθε | ὄλοντο | ||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Perfect: ὀλώλεκᾰ
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ὀλώλεκᾰ | ὀλώλεκᾰς | ὀλώλεκε(ν) | ὀλωλέκᾰτον | ὀλωλέκᾰτον | ὀλωλέκᾰμεν | ὀλωλέκᾰτε | ὀλωλέκᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | ὀλωλέκω | ὀλωλέκῃς | ὀλωλέκῃ | ὀλωλέκητον | ὀλωλέκητον | ὀλωλέκωμεν | ὀλωλέκητε | ὀλωλέκωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ὀλωλέκοιμῐ, ὀλωλεκοίην |
ὀλωλέκοις, ὀλωλεκοίης |
ὀλωλέκοι, ὀλωλεκοίη |
ὀλωλέκοιτον | ὀλωλεκοίτην | ὀλωλέκοιμεν | ὀλωλέκοιτε | ὀλωλέκοιεν | |||||
| imperative | ὀλώλεκε | ὀλωλεκέτω | ὀλωλέκετον | ὀλωλεκέτων | ὀλωλέκετε | ὀλωλεκόντων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ὀλωλεκέναι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ὀλωλεκώς | |||||||||||
| f | ὀλωλεκυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | ὀλωλεκός | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ὄλωλᾰ | ὄλωλᾰς | ὄλωλε(ν) | ὀλώλᾰτον | ὀλώλᾰτον | ὀλώλᾰμεν | ὀλώλᾰτε | ὀλώλᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | ὀλώλω(μῐ) | ὀλώλῃσ(θᾰ) | ὀλώλῃσῐ(ν), ὀλώλῃ |
ὀλώλητον | ὀλώλητον | ὀλώλωμεν | ὀλώλητε | ὀλώλωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ὀλώλοιμῐ, ὀλωλοίην |
ὀλώλοισ(θᾰ), ὀλωλοίησ(θᾰ) |
ὀλώλοι, ὀλωλοίη |
ὀλώλοιτον | ὀλωλοίτην | ὀλώλοιμεν | ὀλώλοιτε | ὀλώλοιεν | |||||
| imperative | ὄλωλε | ὀλωλέτω | ὀλώλετον | ὀλωλέτων | ὀλώλετε | ὀλωλόντων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ὀλωλέναι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ὀλωλώς | |||||||||||
| f | ὀλωλυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | ὀλωλός | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ὀλώλεεν, ὀλώλειν, ὀλώλεᾰ |
ὀλώλεες, ὀλώλεις, ὀλώλεᾰς, ὀλώλης |
ὀλώλεε(ν), ὀλώλει(ν) |
ὀλώλετον | ὀλωλέτην | ὀλώλεμεν | ὀλώλετε | ὀλώλεσᾰν, ὄλωλεν | ||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
[edit]- ἀνταπόλλυμι (antapóllumi, “to kill or destroy as revenge”)
- ἀπόλλυμι (apóllumi)
- ἀπολλύω (apollúō)
- Ἀπολλῡ́ων (Apollū́ōn, “Apollyon”)
- ἀπόλλω (apóllō)
- διαπόλλυμι (diapóllumi, “to destroy utterly”)
- διαπολλύω (diapollúō)
- διόλλυμι (dióllumi)
- διολλύω (diollúō)
- εἰσαπόλλυμι (eisapóllumi, “to lead to death, to kill”)
- ἐναπόλλυμι (enapóllumi)
- ἐξαπόλλυμι (exapóllumi)
- ἐξόλλυμι (exóllumi)
- ἐξολλύω (exollúō)
- ἐπαπόλλυμι (epapóllumi)
- ἐπαπολλύω (epapollúō)
- Ἰνδολέτης (Indolétēs, “killer of Indians, a title for Dionysius”)
- ἱππολέτας (hippolétas)
- καταδιόλλυμι (katadióllumi, “complete destruction”)
- κατόλλυμι (katóllumi)
- Κυθνώλης (Kuthnṓlēs, “destroyed like Kythnos, utter ruin”)
- ξυναπόλλυμι (xunapóllumi, “to destroy at the same time”)
- ξυνόλλυμι (xunóllumi)
- ὀλλύω (ollúō)
- ὀλοός (oloós, “destructive”)
- πανώλης (panṓlēs, “completely destroyed”)
- παραπόλλυμι (parapóllumi, “to destroy, to consume”)
- περιόλλυμι (perióllumi)
- Περσολέτης (Persolétēs, “killer of Persians”)
- προαπόλλυμι (proapóllumi)
- προόλλυμι (proóllumi)
- προσαπόλλυμι (prosapóllumi)
- προσαπολλύω (prosapollúō)
- προώλης (proṓlēs)
- συμπαραπόλλυμι (sumparapóllumi)
- συναπόλλυμι (sunapóllumi)
- συνδιόλλυμι (sundióllumi)
- συνεξόλλυμι (sunexóllumi)
- συνόλλυμι (sunóllumi)
- ὑπεραπόλλυμι (huperapóllumi)
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “ὄλλυμι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ὄλλυμι”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ὄλλυμι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891), A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ὄλλυμι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924), A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “ὄλλυμι”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃elh₁-
- Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -νυμι
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations
- Ancient Greek verbs ending in -μῐ