هوش

See also: هوس and هَوُسَ

Ottoman Turkish

هوش

Etymology 1

From Persian هوش (huš), a variant of توسکا (tuskâ, “birch”), which probably derives from a Mongolic source; compare modern Mongolian хус (xus, “birch”).

Noun

هوش • (hoş or huş)

1. birch, any of various trees in the genus Betula

   Synonym: آق آغاج (ak ağac)

Descendants

• Turkish: huş

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “huş1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2011
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “هوش”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 1331
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “huş”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “هوش”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[2], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2174

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew-

Proto-Indo-European *-s

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓwsder.

Proto-Indo-Iranian *HušíH

Proto-Iranian *HušíH

Old Persian [script needed] (*ušiy)

Middle Persian 𐭠𐭥𐭱 (ʾʿš /⁠ōš⁠/)

Persian هوش (huš)bor.

Ottoman Turkish هوش

Borrowed from Persian هوش (huš, “intellect”).

Noun

هوش • (huş)

1. reason, common sense, consciousness

   Synonyms: ادراك (idrak), اوص (us), شعور (şuûr), عقل (akl)

Derived terms

• هوشمند (huşmend, “reasonable”)
• هوشیار (huşyar, “reasonable”)

Descendants

• Turkish: huş

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “huş3”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2011
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “هوش”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[3] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 1331
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Intellectus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[4], Vienna, column 838
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “هوش”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[5], Vienna, column 5514
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “هوش”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2174

Etymology 3

Derived from Arabic هَوْش (hawš).

Noun

هوش • (hevş)

1. multitude, myriad, a great amount of something

Further reading

• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Multitudo”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[7], Vienna, column 1097
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “هوش”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[8], Vienna, column 5514
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “هوش”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[9], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 2174

Persian

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew-

Proto-Indo-European *-s

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓwsder.

Proto-Indo-Iranian *HušíH

Proto-Iranian *HušíH

Old Persian [script needed] (*ušiy)

Middle Persian 𐭠𐭥𐭱 (ʾʿš /⁠ōš⁠/)

Persian هوش

Inherited from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭥𐭱 (ʾʿš /⁠ōš⁠/), from Old Persian [script needed] (*ušiy), from Proto-Iranian *HušíH. Compare Northern Kurdish hiş, Latin auris, English ear.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈhoːʃ/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [hóːʃ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [hóːʃ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔóːʃ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔʊ́ːʃ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [húːʃ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [hɵ́ʃ]

• Rhymes: -oːʃ

Readings
Classical reading?	hōš
Dari reading?	hōš
Iranian reading?	huš
Tajik reading?	hüš

Noun

هوش • (hōš / huš) (Tajik spelling ҳӯш)

1. intellect
2. intelligence
3. understanding

Derived terms

• باهوش (bâ-hôš)
• بهوش (behôš)
• بی‌هوش (bê-hôš)
• مدهوش (madhôš)
• هوش مصنوعی (hôš-e masnu'i)
• هوشمند (hôšmand)
• هوشی (hôši)
• هوشیار (hôšyâr)

Etymology 2

Noun

هوش • (huš)

1. alternative form of توسکا (tuskâ)