проба

Belarusian

Noun

про́ба • (próba) f inan (genitive про́бы, nominative plural про́бы, genitive plural проб)

1. trial, test
   • Засценак Малінаўка, a novel by Arkadzʹ Čarnyšėvič (Аркадзь Чарнышэвіч), 1964

     Андрэ́й прабава́ў і сам се́яць, але́ гэ́та і сапраўды́ была́ то́лькі про́ба.

     Andréj prabaváw i sam sjéjacʹ, aljé héta i saprawdý bylá tólʹki próba.

     Andrey also tried to sow himself, but in fact it turned out to be only a try.

2. standard, hallmark

Declension

Declension of про́ба (inan hard fem-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	про́ба próba	про́бы próby
genitive	про́бы próby	проб prob
dative	про́бе próbje	про́бам próbam
accusative	про́бу próbu	про́бы próby
instrumental	про́бай, про́баю próbaj, próbaju	про́бамі próbami
locative	про́бе próbje	про́бах próbax
count form	—	про́бы1 próby1

¹Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

References

• “проба” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈprɔba]

Noun

проба • (proba) f (relational adjective пробен)

1. rehearsal
2. trial, test

Declension

Declension of проба

	singular	plural
indefinite	проба (proba)	проби (probi)
definite unspecified	пробата (probata)	пробите (probite)
definite proximal	пробава (probava)	пробиве (probive)
definite distal	пробана (probana)	пробине (probine)
vocative	пробо (probo)	проби (probi)

Verb

проба • (proba) third-singular present, pf (imperfective пробува)

1. (transitive) to try, test
2. (transitive) to taste

Conjugation

Conjugation of проба (perfective, present in -а)

l-participles	imperfect	aorist	non-finite forms
masculine	пробал (probal)	пробал (probal)	adjectival participle	пробан (proban)
feminine	пробала (probala)	пробала (probala)	adverbial participle	—
neuter	пробало (probalo)	пробало (probalo)	verbal noun	—
plural	пробале (probale)	пробале (probale)	perfect participle	пробано (probano)
finite forms	present	imperfect	aorist	imperative
1st singular	пробам (probam)	пробав (probav)	пробав (probav)	—
2nd singular	пробаш (probaš)	пробаше (probaše)	проба (proba)	пробај (probaj)
3rd singular	проба (proba)	пробаше (probaše)	проба (proba)	—
1st plural	пробаме (probame)	пробавме (probavme)	пробавме (probavme)	—
2nd plural	пробате (probate)	пробавте (probavte)	пробавте (probavte)	пробајте (probajte)
3rd plural	пробаат (probaat)	пробаа (probaa)	пробаа (probaa)	—
compound tenses
perfect	сум пробал (sum probal)		present of сум (except in the 3rd person) + aorist l-participle
има-perfect	имам пробано (imam probano)		present of има + perfect participle
pluperfect	бев пробал (bev probal)		imperfect of сум + aorist l-participle
има-pluperfect	имав пробано (imav probano)		imperfect of има + perfect participle
има-perfect reported	сум имал пробано (sum imal probano)		perfect of има + perfect participle
future	ќе пробам (ḱe probam)		ќе + present
има-future	ќе имам пробано (ḱe imam probano)		future of има + perfect participle
future in the past	ќе пробав (ḱe probav)		ќе + imperfect
има-future in the past	ќе имав пробано (ḱe imav probano)		future in the past of има + perfect participle
future reported	ќе сум пробал (ḱe sum probal)		ќе + imperfect l-participle
има-future reported	ќе сум имал пробано (ḱe sum imal probano)		future reported of има + perfect participle
conditional	би пробал (bi probal)		би + aorist l-participle
има-conditional	би имал пробано (bi imal probano)		conditional of има + perfect participle

Pannonian Rusyn

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *per-der.?

Proto-Indo-European *per-der.?

Proto-Indo-European *pér

Proto-Indo-European *-o

Proto-Indo-European *pró

Proto-Indo-European *pro-

Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-

Proto-Indo-European *-wós

Proto-Indo-European *probʰHwós

Proto-Italic *proβwos

Proto-Italic *proβos

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Proto-Italic *proβāō

Latin probō

Late Latin probabor.

German Probebor.

Old Slovak próba

Pannonian Rusyn проба

Inherited from Old Slovak próba (1599), from German Probe, ultimately from Latin proba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈprɔba]
• Rhymes: -ɔba
• Hyphenation: про‧ба

Noun

проба (proba) f (relational adjective пробни)

1. test, trial, experiment

   Synonyms: огляд (ohljad), експеримент (eksperiment)

2. rehearsal

   ґенерална проба

   generalna proba

   dress rehearsal

   (literally, “general rehearsal”)

Declension

Declension of проба (proba)

	singular	plural
nominative	проба (proba)	проби (probi)
genitive	проби (probi)	пробох (probox)
dative	проби (probi)	пробом (probom)
accusative	пробу (probu)	проби (probi)
instrumental	пробу (probu)	пробами (probami)
locative	проби (probi)	пробох (probox)
vocative	пробо (probo)	проби (probi)

Related terms

verbs

• пробовац impf (probovac)

References

• Medʹeši, H.; Fejsa, M.; Timko-Djitko, O. (2010), “проба”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy, page 725
• Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “rehearsal”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 245
• Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “test”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 325

Russian

Проба 583

Etymology

Borrowed from Polish próba or German Probe, from Medieval Latin proba, from Latin probō, from Proto-Indo-European *pro-bʰH-wó-s (“being in front”), from *pro- (“forward”) + *bʰuH- (“to be”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈprobə]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

про́ба • (próba) f inan (genitive про́бы, nominative plural про́бы, genitive plural проб, relational adjective про́бный)

1. trial, test
2. audition, tryout (e.g. for a role)
3. assay, sample
4. fineness (of precious metal)
5. hallmark, assay stamp

Declension

Declension of про́ба (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	про́ба próba	про́бы próby
genitive	про́бы próby	про́б prób
dative	про́бе próbe	про́бам próbam
accusative	про́бу próbu	про́бы próby
instrumental	про́бой, про́бою próboj, próboju	про́бами próbami
prepositional	про́бе próbe	про́бах próbax

Derived terms

• про́бовать impf (próbovatʹ), попро́бовать pf (popróbovatʹ)
• про́ба пера́ (próba perá)

Related terms

• проби́ровать impf (probírovatʹ)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Probe.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /prǒːba/
• Hyphenation: про‧ба

Noun

про́ба f (Latin spelling próba)

1. rehearsal
2. test, trial

Declension

Declension of проба

	singular	plural
nominative	проба	пробе
genitive	пробе	проба
dative	проби	пробама
accusative	пробу	пробе
vocative	пробо	пробе
locative	проби	пробама
instrumental	пробом	пробама

Ukrainian

Etymology

Borrowed from Polish próba or German Probe, from Medieval Latin proba, from Latin probō, from Proto-Indo-European *pro-bʰH-wó-s (“being in front”), from *pro- (“forward”) + *bʰuH- (“to be”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈprɔbɐ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

про́ба • (próba) f inan (genitive про́би, nominative plural про́би, genitive plural проб, relational adjective про́бний)

1. test, trial, tryout

   Synonyms: випро́бування n (vypróbuvannja), тест m (test)

2. assay
3. sample, specimen (especially one used for diagnostic analysis)
4. fineness, purity, standard (of metal)
5. hallmark (on metal)

Declension

Declension of про́ба
(inan hard fem-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	про́ба próba	про́би próby
genitive	про́би próby	проб prob
dative	про́бі próbi	про́бам próbam
accusative	про́бу próbu	про́би próby
instrumental	про́бою próboju	про́бами próbamy
locative	про́бі próbi	про́бах próbax
vocative	про́бо próbo	про́би próby

Derived terms

• про́бування n (próbuvannja)
• про́бувати impf (próbuvaty), попро́бувати pf (popróbuvaty)
• спро́ба f (spróba)
• спро́бувати pf (spróbuvaty)

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “проба”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “проба”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “проба”, in English–Ukrainian Dictionaries
• “проба”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horox – Slovozmina, Horokh – Inflection]‎^[1]
• “проба”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
• “проба”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua, Slovnyk.ua]‎^[2]