ой

See also: ӧй, өй, Appendix:Variations of "oi", and Appendix:Variations of "on"

Belarusian

Alternative forms

• oj — Łacinka (Belarusian Latin alphabet)

Etymology

Onomatopoeic. Compare Ukrainian ой (oj), Russian ой (oj), Polish oj.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈoj]

Interjection

о́й • (ój)

1. oh, ow, ouch (expressing fright, surprise or pain)

   Synonym: во́й (vój)

2. (colloquial) oh (intensifying the word it goes with)

   ой як ця́жка ― oj jak cjážka ― oh, how hard it is

3. (poetic) oh (opening a line of a song or poem)

References

• "ой" in Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984) at Verbum

Bulgarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɔj]

Interjection

ой • (oj)

1. ouch (expression of one's own physical pain)

   Synonym: ох (oh)

   Ой, много боли!

   Oj, mnogo boli!

   Ouch, it hurts a lot!

2. wow (expression of amazement or wonder)

   Synonym: вау (vau)

   Ой, колко хубаво!

   Oj, kolko hubavo!

   Wow, how nice!

Buryat

Etymology

From Proto-Mongolic *hoï (“forest”).

Noun

ой • (oi)

1. forest, woods

Eastern Mari

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈoj/
• Rhymes: -oj
• Syllabification: ой

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

ой • (oj)

1. opinion
2. idea, thought, dream
3. suggestion, proposition, advice, directions, instructions
4. (linguistics) sentence, expression, saying
5. word
6. (figuratively) word, promise, agreement, decision
7. speech, words
8. news, rumor/rumour
9. last wishes, precepts

Declension

Declension of ой (type вуй (vuj))

		singular	plural
nominative		ой (oj)	ой-влак (oj-vlak)
accusative		ойым (ojym)	ой-влакым (oj-vlakym)
genitive		ойын (ojyn)	ой-влакын (oj-vlakyn)
dative		ойлан (ojlan)	ой-влаклан (oj-vlaklan)
comitative		ойге (ojge)	ой-влакге (oj-vlakge)
comparative		ойла (ojla)	ой-влакла (oj-vlakla)
inessive		ойышто (ojyšto)	ой-влакыште (oj-vlakyšte)
illative	short	ойыш (ojyš)	ой-влакыш (oj-vlakyš)
	long	ойышко (ojyško)	ой-влакышке (oj-vlakyške)
lative		оеш (oješ)	ой-влакеш (oj-vlakeš)

Possessed forms of ой (type вуй (vuj))

	singular	plural
1st person	оем (ojem)	ойна (ojna)
2nd person	оет (ojet)	ойда (ojda)
3rd person	ойжо (ojžo)	ойышт (ojyšt)

Derived terms

adverbs

• ик ой дене (ik oj deńe)

nouns

• вияш ой (vijaš oj)
• ик ой (ik oj)
• ой чаткалык (oj čatkalyk)
• ой шырым (oj šyrym)
• ойсем (ojsem)
• ойын йӱклан йыжыҥлалтмыже (ojyn jüklan jyžyŋlaltmyže)
• ойыш лийдымаш (ojyš ĺijdymaš)
• савырыме ой (savyryme oj)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Russian ой (oj).

Interjection

ой • (oj)

1. oh (expressing surprise, pleasure, etc.)
2. ow, ouch! (expressing pain, shock, terror, etc.)
3. oops!

References

• J. Bradley et al. (2023), “ой”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna

Erzya

Ой.

Etymology

From Proto-Mordvinic *vaj ~ *voj, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *waje. Cognates include Moksha вай (vaj), Finnish voi, Western Mari ӱ (ü), Udmurt вӧй (vöj) and Hungarian vaj.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /oj/
• Rhymes: -oj
• Hyphenation: ой

Noun

ой • (oj)

1. butter

   ваднемс кши лангс ой ― vadnems kši langs oj ― to spread butter on bread

2. oil

   эвкалиптэнь ой ― evkaliptëń oj ― eucalyptus oil

Declension

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

See also

• скал ой (skal oj)

References

• B. A. Serebrennikov; R. N. Buzakova; M. V. Mosin (1993), “ой”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
• Entry #1156 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
• Keresztes, László (1986), Geschichte der mordwinischen Konsonantismus II. Etymologisches Belegmaterial‎^[1], Szeged: Studia Uralo-Altaica 26.

Kazakh

Alternative scripts

Arabic	وي
Cyrillic	ой
Latin	oi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [oj], [ɔj]

• Audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

Interjection

ой • (oy)

1. oh!

Etymology 2

From Proto-Turkic *ȫ-.

Noun

ой • (oy)

1. thought, idea

Etymology 3

From Proto-Turkic *ōy.

Noun

ой • (oy)

1. lowland

Declension

Declension of ой

	singular	plural
nominative	ой (oy)	ойлар (oylar)
genitive	ойдың (oydıŋ)	ойлардың (oylardıŋ)
dative	ойға (oyğa)	ойларға (oylarğa)
accusative	ойды (oydı)	ойларды (oylardı)
locative	ойда (oyda)	ойларда (oylarda)
ablative	ойдан (oydan)	ойлардан (oylardan)
instrumental	оймен (oymen)	ойлармен (oylarmen)
similative	ойдай (oyday)	ойлардай (oylarday)

Ket

Etymology

Derived from Proto-Ketic *ojtij (“take off, remove”, verb configuration), originally derived from Proto-Ketic *oj (“molt”, verb base).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /…oj/, [ɔʝ]

Verb

ой ([l²]-oj⁰) (conjugation I)

1. (intransitive, atelic) subject peels away, sheds hair, molts; subject's hair comes out

Further reading

• Werner, Heinrich (2002), Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, volume 2, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 32
• Kotorova, Elizaveta; Nefedov, Andrey (2015), Большой словарь кетского языка, Münich: LINCOM, →ISBN, page 583

Komi-Permyak

Etymology

From Proto-Permic *öj, from Proto-Uralic *üje.

ой(1)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈoj/, [ˈo̞j]
• Hyphenation: ой

Noun

о́й • (ój)

1. night
2. north

Declension

Declension of ой (stem: ой-)

		singular	plural
nominative		ой (oj)	ойэз (ojez)
accusative	I*	ой (oj)	ойэз (ojez)
	II*	ойӧс (ojös)	ойэзӧс (ojezös)
instrumental		ойӧн (ojön)	ойэзӧн (ojezön)
comitative		ойкӧт (ojköt)	ойэзкӧт (ojezköt)
caritive		ойтӧг (ojtög)	ойэзтӧг (ojeztög)
consecutive		ойла (ojla)	ойэзла (ojezla)
genitive		ойлӧн (ojlön)	ойэзлӧн (ojezlön)
ablative		ойлісь (ojliś)	ойэзлісь (ojezliś)
dative		ойлӧ (ojlö)	ойэзлӧ (ojezlö)
inessive		ойын (ojyn)	ойэзын (ojezyn)
elative		ойись (ojiś)	ойэзісь (ojeziś)
illative		ойӧ (ojö)	ойэзӧ (ojezö)
egressive		ойсянь (ojśań)	ойэзсянь (ojezśań)
approximative		ойлань (ojlań)	ойэзлань (ojezlań)
terminative	I	ойӧдз (ojödź)	ойэзӧдз (ojezödź)
	II	ойви (ojvi)	ойэзви (ojezvi)
prolative		ойӧт (ojöt)	ойэзӧт (ojezöt)

^*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.

Possessive declension of ой

First person singular singular plural nominative ойӧ (ojö) ойэзӧ (ojezö) accusative I* ойӧ (ojö) ойэзӧ (ojezö) II* ойӧс (ojös) ойэзӧс (ojezös) instrumental ойнам (ojnam) ойэзнам (ojeznam) comitative ойӧкӧт (ojököt) ойэзӧкӧт (ojezököt) caritive ойӧтӧг (ojötög) ойэзӧтӧг (ojezötög) consecutive ойӧла (ojöla) ойэзӧла (ojezöla) genitive ойӧлӧн (ojölön) ойэзӧлӧн (ojezölön) ablative ойӧлісь (ojöliś) ойэзӧлісь (ojezöliś) dative ойӧлӧ (ojölö) ойэзӧлӧ (ojezölö) inessive оям (ojam) ойэзам (ojezam) elative ойсим (ojśim) ойэзсим (ojezśim) illative оям (ojam) ойэзам (ojezam) egressive ойӧсянь (ojöśań) ойэзӧсянь (ojezöśań) approximative ойӧлань (ojölań) ойэзӧлань (ojezölań) terminative I ойӧддзам (ojöddźam) ойэзӧддзам (ojezöddźam) II ойӧви (ojövi) ойэзӧви (ojezövi) prolative ойӧттям (ojötťam) ойэзӧттям (ojezötťam) *) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I. Second person singular singular plural nominative ойыт (ojyt) ойэт (ojet) accusative I* ойыт (ojyt) ойэт (ojet) II* ойтӧ (ojtö) ойэзтӧ (ojeztö) instrumental ойнат (ojnat) ойэзнат (ojeznat) comitative ойыткӧт (ojytköt) ойэткӧт (ojetköt) caritive ойыттӧг (ojyttög) ойэттӧг (ojettög) consecutive ойытла (ojytla) ойэтла (ojetla) genitive ойытлӧн (ojytlön) ойэтлӧн (ojetlön) ablative ойытлісь (ojytliś) ойэтлісь (ojetliś) dative ойытлӧ (ojytlö) ойэтлӧ (ojetlö) inessive оят (ojat) ойэзат (ojezat) elative ойсит (ojśit) ойэзсит (ojezśit) illative оят (ojat) ойэзат (ojezat) egressive ойытсянь (ojytśań) ойэтсянь (ojetśań) approximative ойытлань (ojytlań) ойэтлань (ojetlań) terminative I ойӧддзат (ojöddźat) ойэзӧддзат (ojezöddźat) II ойытви (ojytvi) ойэтви (ojetvi) prolative ойӧттят (ojötťat) ойэзӧттят (ojezötťat) *) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I. Third person singular singular plural nominative ойыс (ojys) ойэс (ojes) accusative I* ойыс (ojys) ойэс (ojes) II* ойсӧ (ojsö) ойэсӧ (ojesö) instrumental ойнас (ojnas) ойэзнас (ojeznas) comitative ойыскӧт (ojysköt) ойэскӧт (ojesköt) caritive ойыстӧг (ojystög) ойэстӧг (ojestög) consecutive ойысла (ojysla) ойэсла (ojesla) genitive ойыслӧн (ojyslön) ойэслӧн (ojeslön) ablative ойыслісь (ojysliś) ойэслісь (ojesliś) dative ойыслӧ (ojyslö) ойэслӧ (ojeslö) inessive ояс (ojas) ойэзас (ojezas) elative ойсис (ojśis) ойэзсис (ojezśis) illative ояс (ojas) ойэзас (ojezas) egressive ойыссянь (ojysśań) ойэссянь (ojesśań) approximative ойыслань (ojyslań) ойэслань (ojeslań) terminative I ойӧддзас (ojöddźas) ойэзӧддзас (ojezöddźas) II ойысви (ojysvi) ойэсви (ojesvi) prolative ойӧттяс (ojötťas) ойэзӧттяс (ojezötťas) *) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I. First person plural singular plural nominative ойным (ojnym) ойэзным (ojeznym) accusative I* ойным (ojnym) ойэзным (ojeznym) II* ойнымӧ (ojnymö) ойэзнымӧ (ojeznymö) instrumental ойнаным (ojnanym) ойэзнаным (ojeznanym) comitative ойнымкӧт (ojnymköt) ойэзнымкӧт (ojeznymköt) caritive ойнымтӧг (ojnymtög) ойэзнымтӧг (ojeznymtög) consecutive ойнымла (ojnymla) ойэзнымла (ojeznymla) genitive ойнымлӧн (ojnymlön) ойэзнымлӧн (ojeznymlön) ablative ойнымлісь (ojnymliś) ойэзнымлісь (ojeznymliś) dative ойнымлӧ (ojnymlö) ойэзнымлӧ (ojeznymlö) inessive ояным (ojanym) ойэзаным (ojezanym) elative ойсиным (ojśinym) ойэзсиным (ojezśinym) illative ояным (ojanym) ойэзаным (ojezanym) egressive ойнымсянь (ojnymśań) ойэзнымсянь (ojeznymśań) approximative ойнымлань (ojnymlań) ойэзнымлань (ojeznymlań) terminative I ойӧддзаным (ojöddźanym) ойэзӧддзаным (ojezöddźanym) II ойнымви (ojnymvi) ойэзнымви (ojeznymvi) prolative ойӧттяным (ojötťanym) ойэзӧттяным (ojezötťanym) *) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I. Second person plural singular plural nominative ойныт (ojnyt) ойэзныт (ojeznyt) accusative I* ойныт (ojnyt) ойэзныт (ojeznyt) II* ойнытӧ (ojnytö) ойэзнытӧ (ojeznytö) instrumental ойнаныт (ojnanyt) ойэзнаныт (ojeznanyt) comitative ойныткӧт (ojnytköt) ойэзныткӧт (ojeznytköt) caritive ойныттӧг (ojnyttög) ойэзныттӧг (ojeznyttög) consecutive ойнытла (ojnytla) ойэзнытла (ojeznytla) genitive ойнытлӧн (ojnytlön) ойэзнытлӧн (ojeznytlön) ablative ойнытлісь (ojnytliś) ойэзнытлісь (ojeznytliś) dative ойнытлӧ (ojnytlö) ойэзнытлӧ (ojeznytlö) inessive ояныт (ojanyt) ойэзаныт (ojezanyt) elative ойсиныт (ojśinyt) ойэзсиныт (ojezśinyt) illative ояныт (ojanyt) ойэзаныт (ojezanyt) egressive ойнытсянь (ojnytśań) ойэзнытсянь (ojeznytśań) approximative ойнытлань (ojnytlań) ойэзнытлань (ojeznytlań) terminative I ойӧддзаныт (ojöddźanyt) ойэзӧддзаныт (ojezöddźanyt) II ойнытви (ojnytvi) ойэзнытви (ojeznytvi) prolative ойӧттяныт (ojötťanyt) ойэзӧттяныт (ojezötťanyt) *) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I. Third person plural singular plural nominative ойныс (ojnys) ойэзныс (ojeznys) accusative I* ойныс (ojnys) ойэзныс (ojeznys) II* ойнысӧ (ojnysö) ойэзнысӧ (ojeznysö) instrumental ойнаныс (ojnanys) ойэзнаныс (ojeznanys) comitative ойныскӧт (ojnysköt) ойэзныскӧт (ojeznysköt) caritive ойныстӧг (ojnystög) ойэзныстӧг (ojeznystög) consecutive ойнысла (ojnysla) ойэзнысла (ojeznysla) genitive ойныслӧн (ojnyslön) ойэзныслӧн (ojeznyslön) ablative ойныслісь (ojnysliś) ойэзныслісь (ojeznysliś) dative ойныслӧ (ojnyslö) ойэзныслӧ (ojeznyslö) inessive ояныс (ojanys) ойэзаныс (ojezanys) elative ойсиныс (ojśinys) ойэзсиныс (ojezśinys) illative ояныс (ojanys) ойэзаныс (ojezanys) egressive ойныссянь (ojnysśań) ойэзныссянь (ojeznysśań) approximative ойныслань (ojnyslań) ойэзныслань (ojeznyslań) terminative I ойӧддзаныс (ojöddźanys) ойэзӧддзаныс (ojezöddźanys) II ойнысви (ojnysvi) ойэзнысви (ojeznysvi) prolative ойӧттяныс (ojötťanys) ойэзӧттяныс (ojezötťanys) *) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.

See also

compass points:  ^[edit]

	ой (oj) ойвыв (ojvyv)
рыт (ryt) рытвыв (rytvyv)		асыв (asyv) асыввыв (asyvvyv)
	лун (lun) лунвыв (lunvyv)

References

• R. M. Batalova; A. S. Krivoshchekova-Gantman (1985), “ой”, in Коми-пермяцко-русский словарь [Komi-Permyak-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Издательство «Русский язык»

Kyrgyz

Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *ōδ.

Noun

ой • (oy) (Arabic spelling وي)

1. thought, idea

Derived terms

• ойлоо (oyloo)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Turkic *ōj.

Noun

ой • (oy) (Arabic spelling وي)

1. lowland

Mongolian

Etymology 1

Mongolian	Cyrillic
ᠣᠢ oi	ой oi

Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠣᠢ (oi), from Middle Mongol ᠣᠢ (ʾwy /⁠hoi̯⁠/), from Proto-Mongolic *hoï (“forest”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɔ͜i/
• (Khalkha) IPA^(key): [œː]
• Hyphenation: ой

Noun

ой • (oi) (definite plural ойнууд)

1. forest, woods

Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

• ой мод (oi mod)

Descendants

• → Salar: qoy (“forest”)
• → Yakut: ойуур (oyuur, “forest”)

Etymology 2

Noun

ой • (oi) (Mongolian spelling ᠣᠢ)

1. anniversary, jubilee

Etymology 3

From Proto-Turkic *ōd.

Noun

ой • (oi) (Mongolian spelling ᠣᠢ)

1. mind, intellect, memory

Derived terms

• ой тогтоолт (oi togtoolt, “memory”)

Etymology 4

Noun

ой • (oi) (Mongolian spelling ᠣᠢ)

1. feeling of aversion, repugnance

Northern Altai

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *ōδ.

Noun

ой • (oy)

1. thought, idea

References

• L. M. Tukmačev, editor (1995), “ой”, in Kumandinsko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Kumandy-Russian Dictionary], Biysk: Kandidat filologičeskix nauk, Izdatelʹstvo bijskij kotelʹščik, →ISBN, page 43

Oroch

Etymology

Cognate with Udihe вайи (waji), Ulch хори (xori), Orok хори (xori), Negidal ойин (ojin), Nanai хорин (horin) and Manchu ᠣᡵᡳᠨ (orin).

Numeral

ой (oj)

1. twenty, 20

Russian

Etymology

Onomatopoeic. Compare Polish oj and Yiddish אוי (oy).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [oj]

• Audio:

  (file)

Interjection

ой • (oj)

1. oh! (surprise tinged with fright)
2. oops!
3. ouch!

Descendants

• → Eastern Mari: ой (oj)
• → Lithuanian: oi

Southern Altai

Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *ōδ.

Noun

ой • (oy)

1. mind, idea, thought

Derived terms

• ойлу (oylu)
• ойлоор (oyloor)

Declension

Inflection of ой

	singular	plural
absolute	ой (oy)	ойлор (oylor)
definite genitive	ойдыҥ (oydïŋ)	ойлордыҥ (oylordïŋ)
dative	ойго (oygo)	ойлорго (oylorgo)
definite accusative	ойды (oydï)	ойлорды (oylordï)
locative	ойдо (oydo)	ойлордо (oylordo)
ablative	ойдоҥ (oydoŋ)	ойлордоҥ (oylordoŋ)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Turkic *ōj.

Noun

ой • (oy)

1. lowland

Declension

Inflection of ой

	singular	plural
absolute	ой (oy)	ойлор (oylor)
definite genitive	ойдыҥ (oydïŋ)	ойлордыҥ (oylordïŋ)
dative	ойго (oygo)	ойлорго (oylorgo)
definite accusative	ойды (oydï)	ойлорды (oylordï)
locative	ойдо (oydo)	ойлордо (oylordo)
ablative	ойдоҥ (oydoŋ)	ойлордоҥ (oylordoŋ)

References

N. A. Baskakov, Toščakova N.A, editor (1947), “ой”, in Ojrotsko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Oyrot-Russian Dictionary], Moscow: M.: OGIZ, →ISBN

Uzbek

Other scripts

Arabic	Afghan Uzbek	آی (oy)
	Yangi Imlo	ئاي
Cyrillic		ой
Latin		oy

Noun

ой (oy)

1. Cyrillic spelling of oy

Declension

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Yakut

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *oy- (“to play, jump”). Also cognate with оонньуу (oonňuu, “game”)

Verb

ой • (oy)

1. (intransitive) to jump

   Synonyms: ыстан (ïstan), эккирээ (ekkiree)

   Antonym: умус (umus, “to dive”)

2. (astronomy) to rise

   See synonyms at таҕыс (tağïs).

   Antonym: түс (tüs)

Derived terms

• ойуу (oyuu, “jump”)