жаба

See also: Appendix:Variations of "zaba"

Belarusian

Alternative forms

• žaba — Łacinka

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *žaba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʐaba]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aba

Noun

жа́ба • (žába) f animal (genitive жа́бы, nominative plural жа́бы, genitive plural жаб)

1. frog

   Synonym: кваку́ха (kvakúxa)

Declension

Declension of жа́ба (anml hard fem-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	жа́ба žába	жа́бы žáby
genitive	жа́бы žáby	жаб žab
dative	жа́бе žábje	жа́бам žábam
accusative	жа́бу žábu	жаб žab
instrumental	жа́бай, жа́баю žábaj, žábaju	жа́бамі žábami
locative	жа́бе žábje	жа́бах žábax
count form	—	жа́бы1 žáby1

¹Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

Coordinate terms

• рапу́ха (rapúxa)

References

• “жаба” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Bulgarian

голяма водна жаба в плитки води

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Slavic *žaba

Old Church Slavonic жаба (žaba)

Bulgarian жаба

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic жаба (žaba), from Proto-Slavic *žaba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʒa̟bɐ]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -abɐ
• Syllabification^(key): жа‧ба

Noun

жа́ба • (žába) f (masculine жабо́к, relational adjective жа́бешки)

1. frog (usually a female one)
   • 2003, Оркестър „Камчия”, “Комбайна-вършачка”, in 20 години с Оркестър „Камчия”‎^[1]:

     На кита́рата Ва́ско Жа́бата,
     той ще сви́ри, дра́ги го́сти са́мо за вас!

     Na kitárata Vásko Žábata,
     toj šte svíri, drági gósti sámo za vas!

     Vasko the Frog is on the guitar,
     He will play, dear guests, just for you

   • (Can we date this quote?), Асен Разцветников, Баба жаба:

     Ба́ба жа́ба не оби́ча хля́ба,
     тя е я́ла за се́дмица ця́ла
     пастърми́ца от една́ муши́ца,
     полови́нка от една́ кали́нка,
     две краче́та от ма́лки щурче́та.
     Затова́ е сла́ба ба́ба жа́ба
     и не ква́ка ве́че в ракита́ка.

     Bába žába ne obíča hljába,
     tja e jála za sédmica cjála
     pastărmíca ot edná mušíca,
     polovínka ot edná kalínka,
     dve kračéta ot málki šturčéta.
     Zatová e slába bába žába
     i ne kváka véče v rakitáka.

     Granny Frog won't eat any bread,
     For a whole week, here's how she fed:
     A dried little bite from a tiny fly,
     And half of a ladybug fluttering by,
     Two little legs from a cricket so meek.
     That is why Granny Frog is so weak,
     And no longer croaks down by the creek!
     

2. toad (usually a female one)
3. (figurative, colloquial) aquaholic, hydrohomie (someone who drinks a lot of water)

Declension

Declension of жа́ба

	singular	plural
indefinite	жа́ба žába	жа́би žábi
definite	жа́бата žábata	жа́бите žábite
vocative form	жа́бо žábo	жа́би žábi

Declension of жа́ба (pre-1945 spelling)

Form	Singular	Plural
Indefinite	жа́ба zhaba	жа́би zhabi
Definite	жа́бата zhabata	жа́битѣ zhabitě
Vocative	жа́бо zhabo	—

Derived terms

adjectives

• жа́бен (žáben)
• жа́би (žábi)

nouns

• Ба́ба Жа́ба f (Bába Žába)
• жаба́рник m (žabárnik)
• жа́бе n (žábe)
• жа́бица f (žábica)
• жа́бичка f (žábička)
• жа́бка f (žábka)
• жабо́к m (žabók)
• жабу́няк m (žabúnjak)
• жабу́рка f (žabúrka)
• жа́бче n (žábče)
• кра́става жа́ба f (krástava žába)

verbs

• жабуня́сам pf (žabunjásam)
• жабуня́свам impf (žabunjásvam)
• жабя́сам pf (žabjásam)
• жабя́свам impf (žabjásvam)

See also

nouns

• по́пова лъжи́чка f (pópova lăžíčka)

References

• “жаба”, in БЕРОН (Български езикови ресурси онлайн) [BERON (Bulgarian Language Resources Online)] (in Bulgarian), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2024
• “жаба”, in Infolex Bulgarian Dictionary (in Bulgarian), Institute for Bulgarian Language, 2014
• “жаба”, in ЛексИт [LexIt] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “жаба”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “жаба”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Further reading

• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971–2017), “жаба”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1–8, Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, pages 519-520
• Nayden Gerov (1897), “жꙗ́ба”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 26
• “жаба”, in Старобългарски речник [Dictionary of Old Bulgarian] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2026

Carpathian Rusyn

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *žaba.

Noun

жаба • (žaba)

1. frog

Erzya

Etymology

Perhaps borrowed from Russian жаба (žaba).

Noun

жаба • (žaba)

1. (dialectal) child

   Synonyms: эйкакш (ejkakš), эйде (ejde)

2. glutton

Declension

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

References

• B. A. Serebrennikov; R. N. Buzakova; M. V. Mosin (1993), “жаба”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žaba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʒaba]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

жаба • (žaba) f (plural жаби, masculine жабец or жабок or жабар, relational adjective жабји or жабин, diminutive жабичка or жапче or жапченце, augmentative жабиште)

1. frog

Declension

Declension of жаба

	singular	plural
indefinite	жаба (žaba)	жаби (žabi)
definite unspecified	жабата (žabata)	жабите (žabite)
definite proximal	жабава (žabava)	жабиве (žabive)
definite distal	жабана (žabana)	жабине (žabine)
vocative	жабо (žabo)	жаби (žabi)

See also

• полноглавец (polnoglavec)

References

• жаба in Makedonisch Info (germansko-makedonski rečnik, makedonsko-germanski rečnik)

Old Church Slavonic

Alternative forms

• Glagolitic: ⰶⰰⰱⰰ (žaba)

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *žaba.

Noun

жаба • (žaba) f

1. toad
2. frog

Declension

Declension of жаба (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	жаба (žaba)	жабѣ (žabě)	жабꙑ (žaby)
genitive	жабꙑ (žaby)	жабоу (žabu)	жабъ (žabŭ)
dative	жабѣ (žabě)	жабама (žabama)	жабамъ (žabamŭ)
accusative	жабѫ (žabǫ)	жабѣ (žabě)	жабꙑ (žaby)
instrumental	жабоѭ (žabojǫ)	жабама (žabama)	жабами (žabami)
locative	жабѣ (žabě)	жабоу (žabu)	жабахъ (žabaxŭ)
vocative	жабо (žabo)	жабѣ (žabě)	жабꙑ (žaby)

Old East Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *žaba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʑɑbɑ/→/ˈʑaba/→/ˈʑaba/

• (ca. 9^th CE) IPA^(key): /ˈʑɑbɑ/
• (ca. 11^th CE) IPA^(key): /ˈʑaba/
• (ca. 13^th CE) IPA^(key): /ˈʑaba/

• Hyphenation: жа́‧ба

Noun

жаба (žaba) f

1. toad
2. frog

Declension

Declension of жаба (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	жаба žaba	жабѣ žabě	жабꙑ žaby
genitive	жабꙑ žaby	жабу žabu	жабъ žabŭ
dative	жабѣ žabě	жабама žabama	жабамъ žabamŭ
accusative	жабѫ žabǫ	жабѣ žabě	жабꙑ žaby
instrumental	жабоѭ žabojǫ	жабама žabama	жабами žabami
locative	жабѣ žabě	жабу žabu	жабахъ žabaxŭ
vocative	жабо žabo	жабѣ žabě	жабꙑ žaby

Descendants

• Old Ruthenian: жа́ба (žába)
  • Belarusian: жа́ба (žába)
  • Carpathian Rusyn: жа́ба (žába)
  • Ukrainian: жа́ба (žába)
• Russian: жа́ба (žába)

Old Ruthenian

жа́ба

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic жа́ба (žába), from Proto-Slavic *žàba, from *žěba, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gēˀbāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷh₂béh₂. Cognate with Russian жа́ба (žába), Old Czech žába.

Noun

жаба • (žaba) f animal

1. toad, frog

Derived terms

• Жа́ба (Žába) (Old Ukrainian surname)

Descendants

• Belarusian: жа́ба (žába)
• Carpathian Rusyn: жа́ба (žába)
• Ukrainian: жа́ба (žába)

Further reading

• Tymchenko, E. K., editor (1932), “жаба”, in Історичний словник українського язика [Historical Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1, number 2 (Г – Ж), Kharkiv, Kyiv: Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia, page 895
• Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (2002), “жаба”, in Словник української мови XVI – 1-ї пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language of 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), numbers 9 (дѣдичъ – загонити), Lviv: KIUS, →ISBN, page 112
• Zhurawski, A. I., editor (1989), “жаба”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 9 (дорогоценный – жеребей), Minsk: Navuka i tekhnika, →ISBN, page 240

Pannonian Rusyn

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Slavic *žaba

Old Slovak žaba

Pannonian Rusyn жаба

Inherited from Old Slovak žaba, from Proto-Slavic *žaba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʒaba]
• Rhymes: -aba
• Hyphenation: жа‧ба

Noun

жаба (žaba) f (diminutive жабка or жабочка, augmentative жабиска, relational adjective жабов)

1. frog

Declension

Declension of жаба (žaba)

	singular	plural
nominative	жаба (žaba)	жаби (žabi)
genitive	жаби (žabi)	жабох (žabox)
dative	жаби (žabi)	жабом (žabom)
accusative	жабу (žabu)	жаби (žabi)
instrumental	жабу (žabu)	жабами (žabami)
locative	жаби (žabi)	жабох (žabox)
vocative	жабо (žabo)	жаби (žabi)

Related terms

nouns

• жабар m pers (žabar)

proper nouns

• Жабель m inan (Žabelʹ)

References

• Medʹeši, H.; Fejsa, M.; Timko-Djitko, O. (2010), “жаба”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy, page 276
• Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “frog”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 122

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žaba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʐabə]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

жа́ба • (žába) f anim or f inan (genitive жа́бы, nominative plural жа́бы, genitive plural жаб, relational adjective жа́бий, diminutive жа́бка or жа́бочка)

1. toad
2. (regional or archaic) frog

   Synonym: (regular term) лягу́шка (ljagúška)

3. (pathology) tonsillitis, quinsy

   грудна́я жа́ба ― grudnája žába ― angina pectoris (literally, “chest-frog”)

4. (slang, computing) Java (programming language)
5. (slang, computing) Adobe Photoshop
6. (slang, computing) a photoshopped image, a shoop (see also фотожаба)

Declension

Declension of жа́ба (bian fem-form hard-stem accent-a) 

		singular	plural
nominative		жа́ба žába	жа́бы žáby
genitive		жа́бы žáby	жа́б žáb
dative		жа́бе žábe	жа́бам žábam
accusative	animate	жа́бу žábu	жа́б žáb
	inanimate		жа́бы žáby
instrumental		жа́бой, жа́бою žáboj, žáboju	жа́бами žábami
prepositional		жа́бе žábe	жа́бах žábax

Pre-reform declension of жа́ба (anim fem-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	жа́ба žába	жа́бы žáby
genitive	жа́бы žáby	жа́бъ žáb
dative	жа́бѣ žábě	жа́бамъ žábam
accusative	жа́бу žábu	жа́бъ žáb
instrumental	жа́бой, жа́бою žáboj, žáboju	жа́бами žábami
prepositional	жа́бѣ žábě	жа́бахъ žábax

Derived terms

• жабёнок m anim (žabjónok)
• жа́бить impf (žábitʹ), отжа́бить pf (otžábitʹ), пожа́бить pf (požábitʹ)

Compound words:

• жабое́д m anim (žabojéd)

Phrases

• еба́ла жа́ба гадю́ку (jebála žába gadjúku)
• жа́ба ду́шит (žába dúšit)

Descendants

• → Chuvash: шапа (šap̬a)
• → Eastern Mari: жава (žava)

See also

• жабья голова on the Russian Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^ru

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “жаба”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Further reading

• Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “жаба”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.
• Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “ропуха”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žaba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʒâba/
• Hyphenation: жа‧ба

Noun

жа̏ба f (Latin spelling žȁba, relational adjective жа̏бљӣ or жа̏бин, diminutive жа̏бица, augmentative жабѐтина)

1. frog

Declension

Declension of жаба

	singular	plural
nominative	жа̏ба	жабе
genitive	жабе	жа̑ба̄
dative	жаби	жабама
accusative	жабу	жабе
vocative	жабо	жабе
locative	жаби	жабама
instrumental	жабом	жабама

Related terms

• жа́бац

Descendants

• → Albanian: zhabë

References

• “жаба”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

Ukrainian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žaba.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʒabɐ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

жа́ба • (žába) f animal (genitive жа́би, nominative plural жа́би, genitive plural жаб, relational adjective жа́б'ячий or жаби́ний)

1. frog

Declension

Declension of жа́ба
(animal hard fem-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	жа́ба žába	жа́би žáby
genitive	жа́би žáby	жаб žab
dative	жа́бі žábi	жа́бам žábam
accusative	жа́бу žábu	жа́би, жаб žáby, žab
instrumental	жа́бою žáboju	жа́бами žábamy
locative	жа́бі žábi	жа́бах žábax
vocative	жа́бо žábo	жа́би žáby

Coordinate terms

• ропу́ха (ropúxa)

Derived terms

• їба́ла жа́ба гадю́ку (jibála žába hadjúku, “literally "the frog fucked the viper", two enemies fighting each other”)
• Жа́ба (Žába, “a surname”)
• жабагадю́кін (žabahadjúkin, “one of two disliked people who fight each other”)
• жабогадю́кінг (žabohadjúkinh, “a specific conflict between two disliked people”)

Noun

жа́ба • (žába) f inan (genitive жа́би, uncountable)

1. quinsy, tonsillitis

Declension

Declension of жа́ба
(inan sg-only hard fem-form accent-a)

	singular
nominative	жа́ба žába
genitive	жа́би žáby
dative	жа́бі žábi
accusative	жа́бу žábu
instrumental	жа́бою žáboju
locative	жа́бі žábi
vocative	жа́бо žábo

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “жаба”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2025), “жаба”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volume 1–15 (а – п'ять), Kyiv: Наукова думка; Український мовно-інформаційний фонд, →ISBN
• “жаба”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horox – Slovozmina, Horokh – Inflection]‎^[2]