война
Bulgarian
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vojьna (“war”), from *vojьnъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]война́ • (vojná) f (relational adjective вое́нен, diminutive войни́чка)
- (uncountable) warfare, war (organized, large-scale, armed conflict between countries or between national, ethnic, or other sizeable groups, usually but not always involving active engagement of military force)
- Antonym: мир (mir)
- (countable) war (particular conflict of this kind)
- Antonym: мир (mir)
- Война́та е ги́белно де́ло; кръв и разруше́ния ни́кнат там, где́то тя ми́не.
- Vojnáta e gíbelno délo; krăv i razrušénija níknat tam, gdéto tja míne.
- War is a disastrous deed; blood and destruction sprout wherever it passes.
- Оти́вам на война́.
- Otívam na vojná.
- I am going to war.
- (figuratively, colloquial) war, conflict, feud (sharp conflict or uncompromising struggle between individuals or groups)
- Да разка́же дъ́лгата исто́рия на та́я отко́лешна война́ — Грозда́н ни́то мо́жеше, ни́то и́маше вре́ме.
- Da razkáže dắlgata istórija na tája otkólešna vojná — Grozdán níto móžeše, níto ímaše vréme.
- To tell the long history of that ancient feud — Grozdan neither could nor had the time.
- Гърмодо́леца и Брязка че́сто бя́ха във война́.
- Gărmodóleca i Brjazka čésto bjáha văv vojná.
- Garmodoletsa and Bryazka were often at war.
- (figuratively) war, fight, campaign (active and uncompromising struggle to remove or destroy something)
- Той не забра́вяше, че дру́жеството бе́ше обяви́ло война́ на пия́нството.
- Toj ne zabrávjaše, če drúžestvoto béše objavílo vojná na pijánstvoto.
- He did not forget that the society had declared war on drunkenness.
- Тря́бва да во́дим непрекъ́снато война́ с мизе́рията и неве́жеството.
- Trjábva da vódim neprekắsnato vojná s mizérijata i nevéžestvoto.
- We must continuously wage war against misery and ignorance.
- (dialectal) army, troops, forces
- — А война́ ко́лко и́ма? — .. — Във вое́нно вре́ме мо́же да и́ма еди́н милио́н хра́бри солда́ти!
- — A vojná kólko íma? — .. — Văv voénno vréme móže da íma edín milión hrábri soldáti!
- "And how much army is there?" ... "In wartime there might be one million brave soldiers!"
- Не́ма и́ма във война́та и жени́?
- Néma íma văv vojnáta i žení?
- Won't there be women in the army too?
- (uncountable, card games) war (any of a family of card games where all cards are dealt at the beginning of play and players attempt to capture them all, typically involving no skill and only serving to kill time)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | война́ vojná |
войни́ vojní |
| definite | война́та vojnáta |
войни́те vojníte |
Related terms
[edit]- военен (voenen)
- войник (vojnik)
- воювам (vojuvam)
- Първа световна война (Părva svetovna vojna)
- Втора световна война (Vtora svetovna vojna)
References
[edit]- “война”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “война”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- "война" in PONS - [Bulgarian-English Translator and Dictionary]
- война in Bălgarski tălkoven rečnik
Komi-Permyak
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Russian война́ (vojná).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]война́ • (vojná)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | война (vojna) | войнаэз (vojnaez) | |
| accusative | I* | война (vojna) | войнаэз (vojnaez) |
| II* | войнаӧс (vojnaös) | войнаэзӧс (vojnaezös) | |
| instrumental | войнаӧн (vojnaön) | войнаэзӧн (vojnaezön) | |
| comitative | войнакӧт (vojnaköt) | войнаэзкӧт (vojnaezköt) | |
| caritive | войнатӧг (vojnatög) | войнаэзтӧг (vojnaeztög) | |
| consecutive | войнала (vojnala) | войнаэзла (vojnaezla) | |
| genitive | войналӧн (vojnalön) | войнаэзлӧн (vojnaezlön) | |
| ablative | войналісь (vojnaliś) | войнаэзлісь (vojnaezliś) | |
| dative | войналӧ (vojnalö) | войнаэзлӧ (vojnaezlö) | |
| inessive | войнаын (vojnayn) | войнаэзын (vojnaezyn) | |
| elative | войнаись (vojnaiś) | войнаэзісь (vojnaeziś) | |
| illative | войнаӧ (vojnaö) | войнаэзӧ (vojnaezö) | |
| egressive | войнасянь (vojnaśań) | войнаэзсянь (vojnaezśań) | |
| approximative | войналань (vojnalań) | войнаэзлань (vojnaezlań) | |
| terminative | I | войнаӧдз (vojnaödź) | войнаэзӧдз (vojnaezödź) |
| II | войнави (vojnavi) | войнаэзви (vojnaezvi) | |
| prolative | войнаӧт (vojnaöt) | войнаэзӧт (vojnaezöt) | |
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
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References
[edit]- R. M. Batalova; A. S. Krivoshchekova-Gantman (1985), “война”, in Коми-пермяцко-русский словарь [Komi-Permyak-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Издательство «Русский язык»
Pannonian Rusyn
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Slovak vojna, from Proto-Slavic *vojьna. Cognates include Carpathian Rusyn вṓйна (vṓjna) and Slovak vojna.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]война (vojna) f (relational adjective войнови)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | война (vojna) | войни (vojni) |
| genitive | войни (vojni) | войнох (vojnox) |
| dative | войни (vojni) | войном (vojnom) |
| accusative | войну (vojnu) | войни (vojni) |
| instrumental | войну (vojnu) | войнами (vojnami) |
| locative | войни (vojni) | войнох (vojnox) |
| vocative | войно (vojno) | войни (vojni) |
Related terms
[edit]nouns
- воїн m pers (vojin)
- войованє n (vojovanje)
- войско n (vojsko)
- войсководитель m pers (vojskovoditelʹ)
- вояк m pers (vojak)
References
[edit]- Medʹeši, H.; Fejsa, M.; Timko-Djitko, O. (2010), “война”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy, page 173
- Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “war”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 368
Russian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old East Slavic воина (voina), from Proto-Slavic *vojьna (“war”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): [vɐjˈna]
Audio: (file)
- (rustic, Northern Russia) IPA(key): [vojˈna] ~ [vɔj-]
- (Southern Russia, Belarus) IPA(key): [vajˈna]
- (Ukraine) IPA(key): [ʋɐjˈna]
Noun
[edit]война́ • (vojná) f inan (genitive войны́, nominative plural во́йны, genitive plural войн, relational adjective вое́нный, diminutive войну́шка)
- war, warfare
- Antonym: мир (mir)
- Нет войне́! (slogan, early 21st century) ― Net vojné! ― No to war!
- Доло́й войну́! (slogan, early 20th century) ― Dolój vojnú! ― Down with war!
- 1904, Леонид Андреев [Leonid Andreyev], “Отрывок шестнадцатый”, in Красный смех; English translation from Alexandra Linden, transl., The Red Laugh, London: T. Fisher, 1905:
- В э́ти дни, когда́ там непреста́нно из люде́й де́лают тру́пы, я нигде́ не мог найти́ поко́я и бе́гал по лю́дям, и мно́го слы́шал э́тих разгово́ров, и мно́го ви́дел э́тих притво́рно улыба́ющихся лиц, уверя́вших, что война́ далеко́ и не каса́ется их.
- V éti dni, kogdá tam neprestánno iz ljudéj délajut trúpy, ja nigdé ne mog najtí pokója i bégal po ljúdjam, i mnógo slýšal étix razgovórov, i mnógo vídel étix pritvórno ulybájuščixsja lic, uverjávšix, što vojná dalekó i ne kasájetsja ix.
- In those days, when men over there were constantly being turned into corpses, I could find no peace, and sought the society of my fellow-men; and I heard many conversations and saw many false smiling faces, that asserted that the war was far off and in no way concerned them.
- 1930, Владимир Набоков [Vladimir Nabokov], chapter 5, in Защита Лужина; English translation from Michael Scammell in collaboration with the author, transl., The Luzhin Defense, New York, 1964:
- Тепе́рь, почти́ че́рез пятна́дцать лет, э́ти го́ды войны́ оказа́лись раздражи́тельной поме́хой, э́то бы́ло како́е-то посяга́тельство на свобо́ду тво́рчества, и́бо во вся́кой кни́ге, где опи́сывалось постепе́нное разви́тие определённой челове́ческой ли́чности, сле́довало ка́к-нибудь упомяну́ть о войне́, и да́же смерть геро́я в ю́ных лета́х не могла́ быть вы́ходом из положе́ния.
- Tepérʹ, počtí čérez pjatnádcatʹ let, éti gódy vojný okazálisʹ razdražítelʹnoj poméxoj, éto býlo kakóje-to posjagátelʹstvo na svobódu tvórčestva, íbo vo vsjákoj kníge, gde opísyvalosʹ postepénnoje razvítije opredeljónnoj čelovéčeskoj líčnosti, slédovalo kák-nibudʹ upomjanútʹ o vojné, i dáže smertʹ gerója v júnyx letáx ne moglá bytʹ výxodom iz položénija.
- Now, a decade and a half later, these war years turned out to be an exasperating obstacle; they seemed an encroachment upon creative freedom, for in every book describing the gradual development of a given human personality one had somehow to mention the war, and even the hero’s dying in his youth could not provide a way out of this situation.
- 1988, “Zvezda po imeni Solntse”, Viktor Tsoi (lyrics)[1]:
- И две ты́сячи лет — война́,
Война́ без осо́бых причи́н.
Война́ — де́ло молоды́х,
Лека́рство про́тив морщи́н.- I dve týsjači let — vojná,
Vojná bez osóbyx pričín.
Vojná — délo molodýx,
Lekárstvo prótiv morščín. - And for two thousands years – there's war,
War without particular grounds.
War is a job for the young,
Remedy against wrinkles.
- I dve týsjači let — vojná,
Declension
[edit]Declension of война́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-d)
Pre-reform declension of война́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-d)
Hyponyms
[edit]Compounds of the term:
- Вели́кая Оте́чественная война́ f (Velíkaja Otéčestvennaja vojná)
- война́ Се́вера и Ю́га f (vojná Sévera i Júga)
- Втора́я мирова́я война́ f (Vtorája mirovája vojná)
- гражда́нская война́ f (graždánskaja vojná)
- опосре́дованная война́ f (oposrédovannaja vojná)
- Пе́рвая мирова́я война́ f (Pérvaja mirovája vojná)
Derived terms
[edit]- во́бла (vóbla) (euphemistic, internet slang)
- вое́нщина (vojénščina)
- нетвойни́ст m anim (netvojníst)
Compounds:
- война́ пра́вок f (vojná právok)
- поджига́тель войны́ m anim (podžigátelʹ vojný)
- холо́дная война́ f (xolódnaja vojná)
- Phrases
- вдруг война́, а я уста́вший (vdrug vojná, a ja ustávšij)
- Proverbs
- война́ войно́й, а обе́д по расписа́нию (vojná vojnój, a obéd po raspisániju)
- война́ всё спи́шет (vojná vsjo spíšet)
- война́ план пока́жет (vojná plan pokážet)
- кому́ война́, а кому́ мать родна́ (komú vojná, a komú matʹ rodná)
Related terms
[edit]- воева́ть impf (vojevátʹ)
- воево́да m anim (vojevóda)
- во́ин m anim (vóin)
- вои́нственный (voínstvennyj)
- воя́ка m anim (vojáka)
References
[edit]- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “война”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “война”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 162
- Shansky, N. M., editor (1968), “война”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, number 3 (В), Moscow: Moscow University Press, page 143
- Šanskij, N. M. (2004), “война”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
- Krylov, G. A. (2004), “война”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Victory, →ISBN
- Tsyhanenko, H. P. (1989), “война”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Kyiv: Радянська школа, →ISBN, page 66
- Anikin, A. E. (2014), “война”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 8 (во – вран), Moscow: Russian Language Institute, →ISBN, page 112
Further reading
[edit]- Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “война”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.
Udmurt
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Russian война (vojna).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]война • (vojna)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | война vojna |
войнаос vojnaos |
| accusative | войнаез vojnajez |
войнаосыз vojnaosyz |
| genitive | войналэн vojnalen |
войнаослэн vojnaoslen |
| dative | войналы vojnaly |
войнаослы vojnaosly |
| ablative | войналэсь vojnaleś |
войнаослэсь vojnaosleś |
| instrumental | войнаен vojnajen |
войнаосын vojnaosyn |
| abessive | войнатэк vojnatek |
войнаостэк vojnaostek |
| adverbial | войная vojnaja |
войнаосъя vojnaosja |
| inessive | войнаын vojnayn |
войнаосын vojnaosyn |
| illative | войнае vojnaje |
войнаосы vojnaosy |
| elative | войнаысь vojnayś |
войнаосысь vojnaosyś |
| egressive | войнаысьен vojnayśjen |
войнаосысьен vojnaosyśjen |
| terminative | войнаозь vojnaoź |
войнаосозь vojnaosoź |
| prolative | войнатӥ vojnati |
войнаосытӥ vojnaosyti |
| allative | войналань vojnalań |
войнаослань vojnaoslań |
|
Derived terms
[edit]proper nouns
- Быдӟым Отечественной война (Byddźym Oťećestvennoj vojna)
References
[edit]- L. E. Kirillova, L. L. Karpova, editors (2008), “война”, in Удмурт-ӟуч кыллюкам [Udmurt-Russian dictionary], Izhevsk: Удмуртский институт истории, языка и литературы УрО РАН, →ISBN, page 131
- T. V. Voronova, T. A. Poyarkova, editor (2012), “война”, in Удмурт-ӟуч, ӟуч-удмурт кыллюкам [Udmurt-Russian, Russian-Udmurt dictionary] (overall work in Russian), Izhevsk: Книжное издательство «Удмуртия», →ISBN, page 98
Categories:
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian 2-syllable words
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- Rhymes:Bulgarian/na
- Rhymes:Bulgarian/na/2 syllables
- Bulgarian lemmas
- Bulgarian nouns
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- Bulgarian uncountable nouns
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- bg:Card games
- bg:War
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- Pannonian Rusyn terms inherited from Old Slovak
- Pannonian Rusyn terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Pannonian Rusyn terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weyh₁-
- Pannonian Rusyn terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Pannonian Rusyn terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Pannonian Rusyn terms derived from Old Slovak
- Pannonian Rusyn 2-syllable words
- Pannonian Rusyn terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Pannonian Rusyn/ɔjna
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- rsk:War
- Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic
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- Russian 2-syllable words
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- Russian hard-stem feminine-form nouns
- Russian hard-stem feminine-form accent-d nouns
- Russian nouns with accent pattern d
- ru:War
- Udmurt terms borrowed from Russian
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- Rhymes:Udmurt/ä
- Rhymes:Udmurt/ä/2 syllables
- Udmurt lemmas
- Udmurt nouns
- udm:Military
- udm:Violence