πεῖρα

See also: πείρα and πείρᾳ

Ancient Greek

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pêː.ra/ → /ˈpi.ra/ → /ˈpi.ra/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pêː.ra/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.ra/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.ra/
• (10^th CE Medieval) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.ra/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.ra/

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *per-

Proto-Indo-European *-is

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂

Proto-Indo-European *périh₂

Proto-Hellenic *péřřa

Ancient Greek πεῖρα

From Proto-Hellenic *péřřa, from Proto-Indo-European *pér-ih₂ ~ *pr̥-yéh₂s, from *per- (“to cross, pass”) +‎ *-ih₂. Cognate with Old Armenian փորձ (pʻorj, “attempt, try”), Latin perīculum (“trial, risk”), Proto-Germanic *fērō (“danger”).

Noun

πεῖρᾰ • (peîră) f (genitive πείρᾱς); first declension

1. trial, experiment, attempt

Inflection

First declension of ἡ πεῖρᾰ; τῆς πείρᾱς (Attic)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ἡ πεῖρᾰhē peîră	τὼ πείρᾱtṑ peírā	αἱ πεῖραιhai peîrai
genitive	τῆς πείρᾱςtês peírās	τοῖν πείραινtoîn peírain	τῶν πειρῶνtôn peirôn
dative	τῇ πείρᾳtēî peírāi	τοῖν πείραινtoîn peírain	ταῖς πείραιςtaîs peírais
accusative	τὴν πεῖρᾰνtḕn peîrăn	τὼ πείρᾱtṑ peírā	τᾱ̀ς πείρᾱςtā̀s peírās
vocative	πεῖρᾰpeîră	πείρᾱpeírā	πεῖραιpeîrai

• This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἄπειρος (ápeiros)
• ἔμπειρος (émpeiros)
• πειράζω (peirázō)
• πειράομαι (peiráomai)
• πειρᾱτής (peirātḗs)
• πειρητίζω (peirētízō)
• πολύπειρος (polúpeiros)
• πρωτόπειρος (prōtópeiros)
• σύμπειρος (súmpeiros)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

πεῖρα • (peîra)

1. (Epic) first-person singular aorist present active unaugmented of πείρω (peírō)

Descendants

• Greek: πείρα (peíra)

Further reading

• “πεῖρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “πεῖρα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “πεῖρα” in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• “πεῖρα”, in Slater, William J. (1969), Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Strong, James (1979), “G3984”, in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • attempt idem, page 50.
  • effort idem, page 263.
  • endeavour idem, page 272.
  • enterprise idem, page 277.
  • essay idem, page 282.
  • experiment idem, page 294.
  • foretaste idem, page 337.
  • proof idem, page 653.
  • test idem, page 863.
  • trial idem, page 893.
  • trying idem, page 899.
  • undertaking idem, page 914.
• πεῖρα, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011