γνῶσις

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃tis. By surface analysis, γῐγνώσκω (gĭgnṓskō, “to know”) +‎ -σῐς (-sĭs).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɡnɔ̂ː.sis/ → /ˈɣno.sis/ → /ˈɣno.sis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡnɔ̂ː.sis/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈɡno.sis/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɣno.sis/
• (10^th CE Medieval) IPA^(key): /ˈɣno.sis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈɣno.sis/

Noun

γνῶσῐς • (gnôsĭs) f (genitive γνώσεως); third declension

1. inquiry
2. knowledge
3. fame

Declension

Third declension of ἡ γνῶσῐς; τῆς γνώσεως (Attic)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ἡ γνῶσῐςhē gnôsĭs	τὼ γνώσειtṑ gnṓsei	αἱ γνώσειςhai gnṓseis
genitive	τῆς γνώσεωςtês gnṓseōs	τοῖν γνωσέοινtoîn gnōséoin	τῶν γνώσεωνtôn gnṓseōn
dative	τῇ γνώσειtēî gnṓsei	τοῖν γνωσέοινtoîn gnōséoin	ταῖς γνώσεσῐ / γνώσεσῐνtaîs gnṓsesĭ(n)
accusative	τὴν γνῶσῐνtḕn gnôsĭn	τὼ γνώσειtṑ gnṓsei	τᾱ̀ς γνώσειςtā̀s gnṓseis
vocative	γνῶσῐgnôsĭ	γνώσειgnṓsei	γνώσειςgnṓseis

• This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Related terms

• ᾰ̓νᾰ́γνωσῐς (ănắgnōsĭs)
• ᾰ̓ντᾰνᾰ́γνωσῐς (ăntănắgnōsĭs)
• ᾰ̓πόγνωσῐς (ăpógnōsĭs)
• αὐτογνῶσῐς (autognôsĭs)
• δῐᾰ́γνωσῐς (dĭắgnōsĭs)
• δῐᾰνᾰ́γνωσῐς (dĭănắgnōsĭs)
• ἐπῐ́γνωσῐς (epĭ́gnōsĭs)
• κᾰτᾰ́γνωσῐς (kătắgnōsĭs)
• μετᾰ́γνωσῐς (metắgnōsĭs)
• πᾰρᾰνᾰ́γνωσῐς (părănắgnōsĭs)
• περῐ́γνωσῐς (perĭ́gnōsĭs)
• πρόγνωσῐς (prógnōsĭs)
• προδῐᾰ́γνωσῐς (prodĭắgnōsĭs)
• προκᾰτᾰ́γνωσῐς (prokătắgnōsĭs)
• σῠ́γγνωσῐς (sŭ́ngnōsĭs)
• σῠνᾰνᾰ́γνωσῐς (sŭnănắgnōsĭs)

Descendants

• > Pontic Greek: γνώση (gnósi), γνώς’ (gnós’)
  • → Laz: ნოსი (nosi), ღნოსი (ğnosi)
• → Coptic: ⲅⲛⲱⲥⲓⲥ (gnōsis)
• → English: gnosis
• → Irish: gnóis
• → Norwegian: gnosis
• → Greek: γνώση (gnósi)

Further reading

• “γνῶσις”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “γνῶσις”, in Liddell & Scott (1889), An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “γνῶσις” in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001), A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• “γνῶσις” in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2026)
• Strong, James (1979), “G1108”, in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910), English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • examination idem, page 287.
  • inquiry idem, page 443.
  • investigation idem, page 457.
  • knowledge idem, page 472.
  • theory idem, page 865.