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Demographics of Botswana

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Demographics of Botswana
Population pyramid of Botswana in 2020
Population2,359,609 (2022)
Growth rate1.4% (2022 est.)
Birth rate20.28 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate9.05 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Life expectancy65.64 years
 • male63.6 years
 • female67.74 years
Fertility rate1.96 children born/woman (2024)[1]
Infant mortality25.18 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate2.81 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years30.54%
65 and over5.56%
Sex ratio
Total0.92 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
At birth1.03 male(s)/female
Under 151.02 male(s)/female
65 and over0.6 male(s)/female
Nationality
NationalityMotswana
Major ethnicTswana (79%)
Minor ethnicKalanga (11%)

Demographic features of the population of Botswana include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.[2][3]

Demographics of Botswana, Data of FAO, year 2008; Number of inhabitants in thousands.

Botswana, like many nations in southern Africa, suffers from a high HIV infection rate, estimated among adults ages 15 to 49 to be 20.7%.[4]

Census results

[edit]
Botswana Population and Housing Census
YearPop.±% p.a.
1904 120,776—    
1911 124,350+0.42%
1921 152,983+2.09%
1936 265,756+3.75%
1946 296,310+1.09%
1956 309,175+0.43%
1964 549,510+7.45%
1971 596,994+1.19%
1981 941,027+4.66%
1991 1,326,796+3.50%
2001 1,680,863+2.39%
2011 2,024,904+1.88%
2022 2,359,609+1.40%
[5][6][7]

Bechuanaland Protectorate

[edit]

The seven censuses of Botswana before its independence happened irregularly. Due to the Anglo-Boer War, the first census of Bechuanaland Protectorate, originally set to occur in 1901, took place on 17 April 1904.[5] The 1931 census was postponed to 1936 because of the Great Depression.[5] The early censuses were unreliable and took several years to tabulate; the results were outdated by the time they were calculated.

Post-independence

[edit]

There have been six censuses after the independence of Botswana, each occurring every ten years in the year ending in 1 (i.e. 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011 and 2022). The 1971 census was the first census in Botswana to use de facto enumeration; this method counts people based on how many people spent census night at a specific location. Previously, the citizens were counted based on their usual place of residence. The 2001 census was the first census in Botswana to comply with the SADC 2000 Census Project, the guidelines of which unify the demographic statistics in southern Africa. The 2011 Census was the fifth census after independence the 2011 Botswana Population and Housing Census, it occurred in August 2011. The most recent sixth and most recent census is the 2022 Population and Housing Census which was carried out in April 2022.[8]

UN estimates

[edit]

According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects[9][10] the total population was 2,588,423 in 2021, compared to only 413,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2020 was about 33.4%, 62.1% were between 15 and 65 years of age, while 4.5% of the population were 65 years or older.[11]

Population by age group
Year Total 0–14
(%)		 15–64
(%)		 65+
(%)
1950 413 00040.954.84.4
1955 463 00041.753.94.3
1960 503 00043.652.14.3
1965 560 00046.849.34.0
1970 628 00047.848.33.9
1975 741 00048.048.53.5
1980 898 00048.548.13.4
1985 1 070 00047.949.03.1
1990 1 287 00045.051.73.3
1995 1 469 00042.254.63.3
2000 1 643 00038.758.13.3
2005 1 799 00036.560.33.1
2010 1 987 00035.061.73.3
2015 2 121 00034.961.23.8
2020 2 352 00033.462.14.5
Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 9.VIII.2011):[12]
Age group Male Female Total %
Total 988 957 1 035 947 2 024 904 100
0–4 119 999 117 315 237 314 11.72
5–9 108 544 106 618 215 162 10.63
10–14 104 419 102 875 207 294 10.24
15–19 104 818 105 928 210 746 10.41
20–24 97 249 103 101 200 350 9.89
25–29 101 194 106 658 207 852 10.26
30–34 84 515 86 027 170 542 8.42
35–39 68 435 66 784 135 219 6.68
40–44 48 767 50 530 99 297 4.90
45–49 37 881 44 380 82 261 4.06
50–54 29 742 36 620 66 362 3.28
55–59 24 368 29 681 54 049 2.67
60–64 17 344 20 240 37 584 1.86
65–69 12 243 15 504 27 747 1.37
70–74 9 464 12 797 22 261 1.10
75–79 6 968 10 924 17 892 0.88
80–84 4 875 8 344 13 219 0.65
85–89 2 825 5 422 8 247 0.41
90–94 1 377 2 544 3 921 0.19
95+ 3 930 3 655 7 585 0.37
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0–14 332 962 326 808 659 770 32.58
15–64 614 313 649 949 1 264 262 62.44
65+ 41 682 59 190 100 872 4.98
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020) (Based on the results of the 2011 Population Census.):[13][14]
Age group Male Female Total %
Total 1 171 507 1 227 171 2 398 679 100
0–4 142 150 138 970 281 120 11.72
5–9 128 580 126 298 254 879 10.63
10–14 123 694 121 865 245 558 10.24
15–19 124 166 125 481 249 647 10.41
20–24 115 200 122 132 237 332 9.89
25–29 119 873 126 346 246 219 10.26
30–34 100 116 101 907 202 022 8.42
35–39 81 067 79 112 160 179 6.68
40–44 57 769 59 857 117 626 4.90
45–49 44 873 52 572 97 445 4.06
50–54 35 232 43 380 78 612 3.28
55–59 28 866 35 160 64 026 2.67
60–64 20 546 23 976 44 522 1.86
65–69 14 503 18 366 32 869 1.37
70–74 11 211 15 159 26 370 1.10
75–79 8 254 12 940 21 195 0.88
80–84 5 775 9 884 15 659 0.65
85–89 3 346 6 423 9 769 0.41
90–94 1 631 3 014 4 645 0.19
95+ 4 655 4 330 8 985 0.37
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0–14 394 424 387 133 781 557 32.58
15–64 727 708 769 922 1 497 630 62.44
65+ 49 375 70 116 119 491 4.98
Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 18.III.2022):[12]
Age group Male Female Total %
Total 1 188 544 1 209 006 2 397 550 100
0–4 137 857 136 911 274 768 11.46
5–9 125 078 124 428 249 506 10.41
10–14 120 559 120 060 240 619 10.04
15–19 123 039 123 624 246 663 10.29
20–24 117 812 120 325 238 137 9.93
25–29 122 117 124 476 246 593 10.29
30–34 99 674 100 398 200 072 8.34
35–39 78 529 77 940 156 469 6.53
40–44 58 190 58 971 117 161 4.89
45–49 49 091 51 794 100 885 4.21
50–54 39 891 42 738 82 629 3.45
55–59 32 428 34 639 67 067 2.80
60–64 22 416 23 621 46 037 1.92
65–69 16 747 18 095 34 842 1.45
70–74 13 562 14 935 28 497 1.19
75–79 11 124 12 749 23 873 1.00
80–84 8 103 9 738 17 841 0.74
85–89 5 264 6 328 11 592 0.48
90–94 2 491 2 970 5 461 0.23
95+ 4 572 4 266 8 838 0.37
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0–14 383 494 381 399 764 893 31.90
15–64 743 187 758 526 1 501 713 62.64
65+ 61 863 69 081 130 944 5.46

Vital statistics

[edit]

United Nations estimates

[edit]

Registration of vital events in Botswana is not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates. Population estimates account for under numeration in population censuses.[15]

Year Mid-year
population		 Live births Deaths Natural
change		 Crude birth
rate		 Crude death
rate		 Natural
change		 Total
fertility
rate
(TFR)		 Infant
mortality
(per 1000
live births)		 Life
expectancy
(in years)
1950 413,000 19,000 8,000 10,000 45.4 20.3 25.0 6.43 138.1 44.95
1951 423,000 19,000 9,000 11,000 45.6 20.3 25.3 6.43 136.4 45.25
1952 433,000 20,000 9,000 11,000 45.9 19.9 25.9 6.44 132.8 45.86
1953 442,000 21,000 9,000 12,000 46.4 19.5 26.8 6.49 129.3 46.46
1954 452,000 21,000 9,000 13,000 46.8 19.2 27.7 6.53 125.9 47.06
1955 462,000 22,000 9,000 13,000 47.2 18.8 28.4 6.56 122.6 47.65
1956 471,000 22,000 9,000 14,000 47.5 18.4 29.1 6.60 119.5 48.22
1957 481,000 23,000 9,000 14,000 47.7 18.1 29.7 6.65 116.5 48.74
1958 491,000 24,000 9,000 15,000 47.6 17.6 30.0 6.65 113.4 49.32
1959 502,000 24,000 9,000 15,000 47.5 17.2 30.3 6.65 110.6 49.84
1960 513,000 24,000 9,000 16,000 47.1 16.8 30.3 6.63 107.8 50.37
1961 524,000 25,000 9,000 16,000 46.6 16.3 30.3 6.60 105.0 50.89
1962 536,000 25,000 9,000 16,000 46.1 15.8 30.3 6.57 102.3 51.39
1963 549,000 25,000 8,000 17,000 46.2 15.4 30.8 6.63 99.7 51.88
1964 562,000 26,000 8,000 18,000 46.2 15.0 31.2 6.69 97.2 52.35
1965 571,000 27,000 8,000 18,000 45.9 14.6 31.3 6.69 94.8 52.81
1966 575,000 27,000 8,000 18,000 45.8 14.3 31.5 6.69 92.4 53.26
1967 579,000 27,000 8,000 19,000 45.7 14.0 31.7 6.68 90.0 53.72
1968 583,000 27,000 8,000 19,000 45.7 13.7 32.0 6.67 87.6 54.19
1969 587,000 27,000 8,000 19,000 45.6 13.4 32.3 6.64 85.0 54.68
1970 592,000 27,000 8,000 20,000 45.7 13.0 32.7 6.62 82.3 55.20
1971 604,000 28,000 8,000 20,000 45.8 12.7 33.1 6.59 79.6 55.75
1972 627,000 29,000 8,000 21,000 46.0 12.2 33.8 6.59 76.6 56.30
1973 657,000 30,000 8,000 22,000 46.1 11.7 34.4 6.59 73.6 56.86
1974 692,000 32,000 8,000 24,000 46.3 11.3 35.0 6.59 70.5 57.42
1975 728,000 34,000 8,000 26,000 46.4 10.9 35.5 6.58 67.3 58.00
1976 766,000 35,000 8,000 27,000 46.4 10.4 36.0 6.56 64.1 58.58
1977 807,000 37,000 8,000 29,000 46.0 10.0 36.0 6.50 61.0 59.17
1978 849,000 39,000 8,000 30,000 45.7 9.6 36.1 6.44 57.9 59.69
1979 894,000 40,000 8,000 32,000 45.1 9.2 35.9 6.36 55.0 60.18
1980 939,000 42,000 8,000 33,000 44.5 8.9 35.6 6.25 52.3 60.65
1981 983,000 43,000 8,000 34,000 43.7 8.5 35.2 6.13 49.7 61.13
1982 1,023,000 43,000 8,000 35,000 42.5 8.2 34.3 5.93 47.2 61.57
1983 1,061,000 44,000 8,000 36,000 41.5 7.9 33.5 5.75 44.9 62.00
1984 1,099,000 45,000 8,000 36,000 40.6 7.7 32.9 5.58 42.8 62.36
1985 1,139,000 45,000 8,000 37,000 39.8 7.5 32.3 5.43 40.8 62.63
1986 1,179,000 46,000 9,000 37,000 39.0 7.4 31.6 5.27 39.1 62.68
1987 1,220,000 46,000 9,000 37,000 37.8 7.3 30.4 5.06 37.7 62.52
1988 1,261,000 46,000 10,000 36,000 36.5 7.6 28.9 4.85 37.3 61.76
1989 1,302,000 46,000 10,000 36,000 35.3 7.7 27.7 4.65 36.5 61.43
1990 1,341,000 46,000 11,000 35,000 34.4 8.0 26.4 4.51 36.9 60.53
1991 1,381,000 46,000 12,000 35,000 33.5 8.4 25.1 4.37 38.2 59.47
1992 1,421,000 47,000 13,000 34,000 33.2 8.9 24.2 4.25 40.2 58.35
1993 1,462,000 48,000 14,000 34,000 32.8 9.3 23.5 4.15 42.4 57.72
1994 1,504,000 48,000 15,000 33,000 32.2 10.0 22.2 4.02 44.9 56.15
1995 1,544,000 48,000 16,000 31,000 31.0 10.6 20.4 3.79 47.8 55.06
1996 1,582,000 47,000 17,000 30,000 29.9 11.0 18.9 3.57 50.2 54.36
1997 1,619,000 47,000 19,000 28,000 29.1 11.5 17.6 3.43 52.7 53.45
1998 1,656,000 48,000 20,000 28,000 29.0 12.1 16.9 3.36 54.7 52.52
1999 1,692,000 49,000 21,000 27,000 28.9 12.6 16.3 3.31 56.3 51.69
2000 1,727,000 50,000 23,000 27,000 29.0 13.1 15.8 3.29 57.3 51.01
2001 1,762,000 51,000 24,000 27,000 28.9 13.4 15.5 3.25 57.1 50.68
2002 1,795,000 51,000 24,000 27,000 28.5 13.5 14.9 3.17 56.0 50.63
2003 1,827,000 51,000 24,000 27,000 28.2 13.4 14.8 3.11 54.6 50.95
2004 1,859,000 52,000 24,000 28,000 28.1 13.1 15.1 3.06 52.5 51.62
2005 1,893,000 54,000 24,000 30,000 28.4 12.6 15.8 3.08 48.9 52.61
2006 1,929,000 55,000 23,000 32,000 28.6 11.9 16.8 3.11 46.0 53.92
2007 1,967,000 56,000 21,000 35,000 28.6 10.9 17.6 3.13 43.4 55.73
2008 2,007,000 57,000 21,000 36,000 28.4 10.3 18.2 3.13 42.7 57.12
2009 2,049,000 58,000 20,000 38,000 28.2 9.7 18.5 3.13 41.2 58.28
2010 2,092,000 58,000 19,000 40,000 27.9 8.9 19.0 3.13 38.6 60.01
2011 2,134,000 59,000 19,000 40,000 27.6 8.7 18.9 3.10 38.9 60.53
2012 2,175,000 60,000 19,000 41,000 27.4 8.7 18.7 3.07 38.2 60.80
2013 2,217,000 60,000 18,000 42,000 27.1 8.8 18.9 3.04 37.4 62.00
2014 2,260,000 61,000 18,000 43,000 26.8 8.4 18.8 3.03 37.8 62.61
2015 2,305,000 61,000 17,000 44,000 26.5 7.9 19.0 3.01 37.4 63.82
2016 2,352,000 61,000 16,000 45,000 26.3 7.5 19.3 2.99 37.1 65.46
2017 2,402,000 62,000 15,000 46,000 26.1 7.0 19.0 2.97 36.2 66.75
2018 2,451,000 62,000 17,000 45,000 25.9 6.7 19.2 2.94 35.6 65.42
2019 2,500,000 62,000 17,000 45,000 25.8 6.4 19.3 2.91 34.9 65.46
2020 2,546,000 62,000 18,000 44,000 25.5 6.3 19.3 2.86 34.2 65.65
2021 2,588,000 61,000 24,000 37,000 25.4 8.4 17.0 2.83 33.3 61.14
2022 25.3 5.8 19.4 2.78
2023 24.7 5.7 19.0 2.73
2024 24.4 5.7 18.6 2.70
2025 23.9 5.7 18.1 2.66

Registered births and deaths

[edit]

[16][17]

Year Population Live births Deaths Natural
increase		 Crude birth
rate		 Crude death
rate		 Rate of
natural
increase		 TFR
1964 514 876
1971 574 094 45.3 13.7 31.6 6.5
1981 941 027 45 026 12 835 32 191 48.7 13.9 34.8 6.6
1991 1 326 796 52 351 15 221 37 130 39.3 11.5 27.8 4.2
1992 1 358 639 52 416 15 344 37 072 38.6 11.3 27.3 4.2
1993 1 391 245 52 437 15 578 36 859 37.7 11.2 26.5 4.1
1994 1 424 636 52 598 15 822 36 776 36.9 11.1 25.8 4.1
1995 1 458 828 52 759 15 926 36 833 33.7 11.0 22.7 4.1
1996 1 495 993 52 921 16 031 36 890 32.4 10.9 21.5 4.0
1997 1 533 393 53 083 16 137 36 946 32.3 10.8 21.5 4.0
1998 1 571 728 53 245 16 244 37 001 32.2 10.7 21.5 4.0
1999 1 611 021 53 407 16 352 37 055 32.1 10.6 21.5 3.9
2001 1 680 862 41 080 20 823 20 257 28.9 12.4 16.5 3.3
2002 1 667 487
2003 1 691 390 41 206 24.4
2004 1 711 334 37 947 22.2
2005 1 727 372 46 945 27.2
2006 1 739 556 44 050 19 088 24 962 29.8 11.2 18.6 3.2
2007 1 756 651 44 452 25.3
2008 1 776 283 44 961 25.3
2009 1 798 372 46 624 25.9
2010 1 822 858 50 328 27.6
2011 2 024 904 51 871 13 301 38 570 25.7 6.3 19.4 2.89
2012 2 068 529 50 048 12 270 37 778 24.2 5.9 18.3
2013 2 110 050 49 839 11 967 37 872 23.6 5.6 18.0
2014 2 149 255 47 478 12 177 35 301 22.1 5.6 16.5
2015 2 185 903 57 480 13 030 44 450 26.3 6.0 20.3
2016 2 219 732 54 267 12 825 41 442 24.4 5.8 18.6
2017 2 254 021 52 358 12 386 39 972 23.2 5.5 17.7 3.1
2018 2 288 656 54 023 12 609 41 414 23.6 5.5 18.1 2.656
2019 2 323 493 54 100 13 185 40 015 23.3 5.7 17.6 2.648
2020 2 358 445 58 646 12 219 46 427 24.9 5.2 19.7 2.844
2021 2 393 396 50 962 17 590 33 372 21.1 7.3 13.8 2.478
2022 2 359 609 [18] 48 464 13 924 34 540 20.5 5.9 14.6 2.442
2023 2 392 644 46 352 13 694 32 658 19.4 5.7 13.7 2.314
2024[19] 2 426 141 41 784 14 070 27 714 17.2 5.8 11.4 1.956

Source: Vital Statistics Report 2012.

millionyear00.511.522.53195019601970198019902000201020202030population (million)Botswana Population
View source data.
‰years10152025303540194019601980200020202040Natural change (per 1000)Botswana Population Change
View source data.
‰years20406080100120140195019601970198019902000201020202030Infant Mortality (per 1000 live births)Botswana Infant Mortality
View source data.
TFRyears234567194019601980200020202040Total Fertility RateTotal Fertility Rate
View source data.

Fertility

[edit]
Years1925192619271928192919301931193219331934[20]
Total Fertility Rate in Botswana6.506.506.506.506.506.506.506.496.496.49
Years1935193619371938193919401941194219431944[20]
Total Fertility Rate in Botswana6.496.496.496.496.486.486.486.486.486.48
Years19451946194719481949[20]
Total Fertility Rate in Botswana6.486.476.476.476.47

Life expectancy at birth

[edit]

Life expectancy from 1950 to 2020 (UN World Population Prospects):[21][22]

Period Life expectancy
(years)
1950–1955 44.89
1955–1960 Increase 47.82
1960–1965 Increase 50.42
1965–1970 Increase 52.67
1970–1975 Increase 55.09
1975–1980 Increase 57.92
1980–1985 Increase 60.11
1985–1990 Increase 61.09
1990–1995 Decrease 56.43
1995–2000 Decrease 52.63
2000–2005 Decrease 50.06
2005–2010 Increase 55.86
2010–2015 Increase 64.45
2015–2020 Increase 69.09

Ethnic groups

[edit]
Tswana 79%, Kalanga 11%, Basarwa 3%, Other 7% (including Kgalagadi, Indians and White people).[23]

Languages

[edit]

Setswana 77.3%, Kalanga 7.4%, Sekgalagadi 3.4%, English 2.8%, Shona 2.0%, Sesarwa 1.7%, Sehambukushu 1.6%, Ndebele 1.0%, Others 2.8%. (2011 est.)[23]

Religions

[edit]
Christian 79.1%, Badimo 4.1%, Other 1.4% (includes the Baháʼí Faith, Hindu, Islam, Rastafari), None 15.2%, Unspecified 0.3% (2011 est.)[23]

Migrants

[edit]

According to the United Nations, there were 110,596 international migrants in Botswana in 2019. Their most common countries of origin were as follows:

International migrants in Botswana in 2019
 Zimbabwe64,477
 South Africa5,780
 India5,668
 China4,792
 Zambia4,429
 Malawi1,484
 United Kingdom1,320
 Nigeria1,238
 Kenya1,215
 Democratic Republic of the Congo1,133
 Sri Lanka992
 Namibia992
 United States923
 Tanzania818
 Angola782
 Netherlands640
 Ireland629
 Eswatini611
 Mozambique607

Source: United Nations"Migrant Stock by Origin and Destination". 2019. Retrieved 27 January 2021.

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ https://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/publications/Vital%20Statistics%20Report%202024.pdf
  2. ↑ "Botswana Demographic Survey 2017" (PDF). Statistics Botswana.
  3. ↑ Statistics, Botswana (2015). Population Census Atlas 2011: Botswana. Library: Statsbots. p. 1. ISBN 978-99968-429-0-0.
  4. ↑ "HIV & Aids in Botswana". AVERT International HIV & Aids Charity. 21 July 2015. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
  5. 1 2 3 "History". Central Statistics Office. Archived from the original on 13 November 2012. Retrieved 20 July 2012.
  6. ↑ "TABLE 1: 1971, 1981, 1991 and 2001 CENSUS DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS; BOTSWANA" (PDF). Gaborone: Central Statistics Office. p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 July 2012. Retrieved 20 July 2012.
  7. ↑ "The Population of Towns, Villages and Associated Localities" (PDF). 2011 Population and Housing Census. Gaborone: Statistics Botswana. June 2012. p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 20 July 2012.
  8. ↑ "2022 Population and Housing Census Preliminary Results" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
  9. ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
  10. ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950–2100" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
  11. ↑ "Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: Data Query Tool". un.org. Archived from the original on 6 May 2011. Retrieved 27 January 2021.
  12. 1 2 https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/#statistics>
  13. ↑ "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics".
  14. ↑ Statistics, Botswana. "Botswana Population Projections 2011-2026" (PDF). Statistics Botswana. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
  15. ↑ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division (2022). "World Population Prospects 2022 Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XLS (91MB)). United Nations Population Division. 27 (Online ed.). New York: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. rows 4541:4612, cols M,X,AE,S,AH,S,AA,AV,AI. Archived from the original on 2022-08-09.
  16. ↑ "Demographic and Social Statistics". unstats.un.org. Retrieved 2020-01-27.
  17. ↑ "Demographic Statistics Statsbots". statsbots.org.bw. Retrieved 2020-01-27.
  18. ↑ "Statistics Botswana – Census 2022 – Population of cities, towns and villages" (PDF). p. 9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
  19. ↑ "Vital Statistics Report 2024" (PDF). Statistics Botswana. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2026-08-19. Retrieved 2026-08-19.
  20. 1 2 3 Our World in Data. "Children born per woman". Archived from the original on 30 June 2018. Retrieved May 28, 2026.
  21. ↑ "World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations". Retrieved 2021-01-27.
  22. ↑ "Vital Statistics 2019" (PDF). Statistics Botswana. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
  23. 1 2 3 "Africa :: BOTSWANA". CIA The World Factbook. 16 November 2021. Archived from the original on January 9, 2021.

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook (2009 ed.). CIA.

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