Double First-Class Construction: Difference between revisions

Double First-Class Construction
双一流建设
	Map of the universities and colleges selected for the Double First-Class Construction
Predecessor	Project 211 and Project 985
Formation	2015; 11 years ago
Region served	China
Members	147 public universities nationwide

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The World First-Class Universities and First-Class Academic Disciplines Construction (世界一流大学和一流学科建设), together known as Double First-Class Initiative (双一流建设),^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] is a higher education development and sponsorship scheme of the Chinese central government, initiated in 2015.^[5]^[6] The universities included in the Double First Class Initiative are recognized as "Double First-Class Universities".^[7] There are 147 universities and colleges selected to be part of the program.^[8]^[9]

The program was announced under the Xi Jinping administration in 2015 to replace the original higher education development programs Project 211 and Project 985.^[10]

History

In October 2015, the State Council of China published the "Overall Plan for Promoting the Construction of World First-Class Universities and First-Class Disciplines" (Double First-Class Initiative), which made new arrangements for the development of higher education in China, replacing previous higher education projects.^[5]^[11]

In June 2016, the Ministry of Education of China announced that the Project 211 and Project 985 had been abolished and replaced by the Double First-Class Construction Initiative.^[12]^[13]

The purpose of the program is to "enhance the comprehensive strength and international competitiveness of China's higher education." The phase-specific objectives include that "an increasing number of Chinese universities and their disciplines join the ranks of world-class institutions, and a number of universities enter the forefront of global excellence, with a group of disciplines reaching the forefront of world-class standings by 2030," and "developing the Double First-Class Construction Universities into world-class higher education institutions through building and strengthening their faculties and departments by the mid-21st century."^[5]^[14]^[8]

In September 2017, the full list of the universities and their disciplines of the Double First-Class Construction was jointly published by the Ministry of Education of China, the Ministry of Finance of China and the National Development and Reform Commission of China. According to the list, 140 universities had been approved as 'Double First-Class Universities' by the State Council of China. The Double First-Class Construction policy sought to drive the overall development of universities by building and strengthening their faculties and departments, and ultimately develop the Double First-Class Construction Universities into world-class universities by 2050.^[5]^[15]^[16]

In February 2022, "Some Suggestions on Further Promoting the Construction of World First-Class Universities and First-Class Disciplines" were jointly published by the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Finance, and the National Development and Reform Commission.^[17] In addition, with the approval of the State Council of China, the updated Phase 2 list of "Double First-Class Construction Universities" was released. Under the Phase 2 List of the Double First-Class Construction, the previous university classifications were abolished, and a total number of 147 universities were included in the plan (accounted for 4.88% of 3,012 Chinese higher education institutions), after 7 additional universities were added to the list.^[18]^[19]^[20]

List of Double First-Class Universities

The Phase 1 list of 140 Double First-Class Universities was jointly issued by Chinese Ministry of Education, Ministry of Finance, and National Development and Reform Commission without any ranking within the lists (by "school code") in 2017.^[16] In February 2022, the Ministry of Education of China announced that the classifications had been invalidated,^[18] and the universities included in the Double First-Class Construction should be referred to as Double First-Class Universities.^[7]^[21]^[22] According to the updated Phase 2 list of the Double First-Class Universities (without any ranking within the list), a total of 147 universities have been approved and recognized as Double First-Class Universities.^[20]

Re-assessment

According to the 'Phase 2 List of the Double First-Class Initiative' jointly published by the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Finance, and the National Development and Reform Commission in February 2022, 15 universities received warnings on their Double First-Class status revocation (including Anhui University, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Central China Normal University, Guangxi University, Inner Mongolia University, Liaoning University, Ningbo University, Ningxia University, Northeast Normal University, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Tibet University, Third Military Medical University, Xinjiang University, Yanbian University, and Zhongnan University of Economics and Law). These 15 universities were required to rectify and improve their research qualities and development, and if the universities failed to pass the final assessment in 2024, they would lose their Double First-Class Construction statuses.^[23]^[24]

References

↑ Liu, Shengbo; Luo, Xiaoting; Liu, Miaomiao (2023). "Was Chinese Double-First Class Construction Policy Influential? Analysis Using Propensity Score Matching". Sustainability. 15 (8): 6378. doi:10.3390/su15086378. ISSN 2071-1050.
↑ "The Double First-Class Construction Alliance established". english.pku.edu.cn. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
↑ "第二轮'双一流'建设高校及建设学科名单 The second round of double first-class construction universities and construction disciplines list" (PDF). Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 14, 2022. Retrieved January 13, 2024.
↑ "深入推进新一轮'双一流'建设 Deeply promote a new round of double first-class construction". Xinhua News Agency. Retrieved January 14, 2024.
1 2 3 4 国务院关于印发统筹推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设总体方案的通知_政府信息公开专栏. www.gov.cn. Archived from the original on April 6, 2019. Retrieved December 24, 2021.
↑ 教育部财政部国家发展改革委关于公布世界一流大学和一流学科建设高校及建设学科名单的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站. www.moe.gov.cn. Archived from the original on March 27, 2019. Retrieved January 6, 2024.
1 2 "China to further promote the Double First-Class Initiative - Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China". en.moe.gov.cn. Retrieved December 6, 2025.
1 2 "Implementation measures released for China's new world-class university policy". Archived from the original on March 17, 2020. Retrieved September 26, 2017.
↑ 全国高等学校名单 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站. www.moe.gov.cn. Archived from the original on January 10, 2022. Retrieved December 26, 2021.
↑ 985、211已成为历史统筹为“双一流”建设高校. 浙江省温州市鹿城区人民政府. Retrieved November 2, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
↑ Li, Jian; Xue, Eryong (2021), "The Policy Analysis of Creating World-Class Universities in China", in Li, Jian; Xue, Eryong (eds.), Creating World-Class Universities in China : Ideas, Policies, and Efforts, Exploring Education Policy in a Globalized World: Concepts, Contexts, and Practices, Singapore: Springer, pp. 1–33, doi:10.1007/978-981-16-6726-8_1, ISBN 978-981-16-6725-1, S2CID 240467383, archived from the original on April 17, 2022
↑ 教育部国务院学位委员会国家语委关于宣布失效一批规范性文件的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站. www.moe.gov.cn. Archived from the original on March 7, 2019. Retrieved December 19, 2022.
↑ "985""211"工程将废除教育部:年内启动"双一流"_新闻频道_中华网. news.china.com. Archived from the original on December 19, 2022. Retrieved December 19, 2022.
↑ "China to develop 42 world-class universities". People's Daily. September 21, 2017. Archived from the original on August 12, 2020. Retrieved September 26, 2017.
↑ "双一流大学 (shuāngyīliú dàxué): Double top university plan". Archived from the original on September 25, 2017. Retrieved September 26, 2017.
1 2 教育部财政部国家发展改革委关于公布世界一流大学和一流学科建设高校及建设学科名单的通知 [Notice from the Ministry of Education and other national governmental departments announcing the list of double first class universities and disciplines] (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on March 27, 2019. Retrieved September 26, 2017.
↑ 教育部财政部国家发展改革委关于深入推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设的若干意见 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站. www.moe.gov.cn. Archived from the original on February 14, 2022. Retrieved February 14, 2022.
1 2 财经头条. 教育部: 双一流高校不再区分A类B类, 避免划分"三六九等". cj.sina.com.cn. Archived from the original on February 14, 2022. Retrieved February 14, 2022.
↑ "'World-class' universities list expanded - People's Daily Online". en.people.cn. Archived from the original on February 15, 2022. Retrieved February 19, 2022.
1 2 教育部财政部国家发展改革委关于公布第二轮"双一流"建设高校及建设学科名单的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站. www.moe.gov.cn. Archived from the original on March 12, 2022. Retrieved February 14, 2022.
↑ 教育部: 逐步淡化一流大学建设高校和一流学科建设高校的身份色彩. news.cyol.com. Archived from the original on February 8, 2022. Retrieved February 8, 2022.
↑ 教育部2022年工作要点 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站. www.moe.gov.cn. Archived from the original on February 8, 2022. Retrieved February 8, 2022.
↑ 教育部财政部国家发展改革委关于公布第二轮"双一流"建设高校及建设学科名单的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站. www.moe.gov.cn. Archived from the original on March 12, 2022. Retrieved January 26, 2023.
↑ 16个首轮"双一流"建设学科被公开警示或撤销, 如何看待-光明日报-光明网. epaper.gmw.cn. Archived from the original on January 26, 2023. Retrieved January 26, 2023.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Newly added universities in the Phase 2 list of Double First-Class Construction.

[1] Liu, Shengbo; Luo, Xiaoting; Liu, Miaomiao (2023). "Was Chinese Double-First Class Construction Policy Influential? Analysis Using Propensity Score Matching". Sustainability. 15 (8): 6378. doi:10.3390/su15086378. ISSN 2071-1050.

[2] "The Double First-Class Construction Alliance established". english.pku.edu.cn. Retrieved January 13, 2024.

[3] "第二轮'双一流'建设高校及建设学科名单 The second round of double first-class construction universities and construction disciplines list" (PDF). Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 14, 2022. Retrieved January 13, 2024.

[4] "深入推进新一轮'双一流'建设 Deeply promote a new round of double first-class construction". Xinhua News Agency. Retrieved January 14, 2024.

[:0-5] 1 2 3 4 国务院关于印发统筹推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设总体方案的通知_政府信息公开专栏. www.gov.cn. Archived from the original on April 6, 2019. Retrieved December 24, 2021.

[6] 教育部财政部国家发展改革委关于公布世界一流大学和一流学科建设高校及建设学科名单的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站. www.moe.gov.cn. Archived from the original on March 27, 2019. Retrieved January 6, 2024.

[:5-7] 1 2 "China to further promote the Double First-Class Initiative - Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China". en.moe.gov.cn. Retrieved December 6, 2025.

[Australian_Department_of_Education-8] 1 2 "Implementation measures released for China's new world-class university policy". Archived from the original on March 17, 2020. Retrieved September 26, 2017.

[:1-9] 全国高等学校名单 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站. www.moe.gov.cn. Archived from the original on January 10, 2022. Retrieved December 26, 2021.

[10] 985、211已成为历史统筹为“双一流”建设高校. 浙江省温州市鹿城区人民政府. Retrieved November 2, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[11] Li, Jian; Xue, Eryong (2021), "The Policy Analysis of Creating World-Class Universities in China", in Li, Jian; Xue, Eryong (eds.), Creating World-Class Universities in China : Ideas, Policies, and Efforts, Exploring Education Policy in a Globalized World: Concepts, Contexts, and Practices, Singapore: Springer, pp. 1–33, doi:10.1007/978-981-16-6726-8_1, ISBN 978-981-16-6725-1, S2CID 240467383, archived from the original on April 17, 2022

[12] 教育部国务院学位委员会国家语委关于宣布失效一批规范性文件的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站. www.moe.gov.cn. Archived from the original on March 7, 2019. Retrieved December 19, 2022.

[13] "985""211"工程将废除教育部:年内启动"双一流"_新闻频道_中华网. news.china.com. Archived from the original on December 19, 2022. Retrieved December 19, 2022.

[people.cn-14] "China to develop 42 world-class universities". People's Daily. September 21, 2017. Archived from the original on August 12, 2020. Retrieved September 26, 2017.

[China_Daily-15] "双一流大学 (shuāngyīliú dàxué): Double top university plan". Archived from the original on September 25, 2017. Retrieved September 26, 2017.

[Chinese_Department_of_Education-16] 1 2 教育部财政部国家发展改革委关于公布世界一流大学和一流学科建设高校及建设学科名单的通知 [Notice from the Ministry of Education and other national governmental departments announcing the list of double first class universities and disciplines] (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on March 27, 2019. Retrieved September 26, 2017.

[17] 教育部财政部国家发展改革委关于深入推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设的若干意见 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站. www.moe.gov.cn. Archived from the original on February 14, 2022. Retrieved February 14, 2022.

[:4-18] 1 2 财经头条. 教育部: 双一流高校不再区分A类B类, 避免划分"三六九等". cj.sina.com.cn. Archived from the original on February 14, 2022. Retrieved February 14, 2022.

[19] "'World-class' universities list expanded - People's Daily Online". en.people.cn. Archived from the original on February 15, 2022. Retrieved February 19, 2022.

[:3-20] 1 2 教育部财政部国家发展改革委关于公布第二轮"双一流"建设高校及建设学科名单的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站. www.moe.gov.cn. Archived from the original on March 12, 2022. Retrieved February 14, 2022.

[21] 教育部: 逐步淡化一流大学建设高校和一流学科建设高校的身份色彩. news.cyol.com. Archived from the original on February 8, 2022. Retrieved February 8, 2022.

[:2-22] 教育部2022年工作要点 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站. www.moe.gov.cn. Archived from the original on February 8, 2022. Retrieved February 8, 2022.

[24] 教育部财政部国家发展改革委关于公布第二轮"双一流"建设高校及建设学科名单的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站. www.moe.gov.cn. Archived from the original on March 12, 2022. Retrieved January 26, 2023.

[25] 16个首轮"双一流"建设学科被公开警示或撤销, 如何看待-光明日报-光明网. epaper.gmw.cn. Archived from the original on January 26, 2023. Retrieved January 26, 2023.

[phase-2-23] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Newly added universities in the Phase 2 list of Double First-Class Construction.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Short description|Chinese higher education development scheme}}
+{{Short description|Ongoing Chinese higher education development scheme}}
+{{See also|Project 211|Project 985}}
 {{Use American English|date=January 2019}}
+{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2019}}
-{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2019}}{{See also|Project 211|Project 985}}{{Infobox organization
+{{Infobox organization
-| name                     = Double First-Class Construction
+| name             = Double First-Class Construction
-| formation                = {{start date and age|df=y|2015}}
+| formation        = {{start date and age|2015}}
-| native_name              = 双一流建设
+| native_name      = 双一流建设
 | native_name_lang = zh-Hans
-| image                    = Double first class universities.png
+| image            = Double first class universities.png
-| caption                  = Map of the universities and colleges selected for the Double First-Class Construction
+| caption          = Map of the universities and colleges selected for the Double First-Class Construction
-| predecessor              = [[Project 211]] and [[Project 985]]
+| predecessor      = [[Project 211]] and [[Project 985]]
-| region                   = [[China]]
+| region_served    = [[China]]
-| membership               = 147 public universities nationwide
+| num_members      = 147 public universities nationwide
-| size                     = 300px
+| image_size       = 300px
 }}
-The '''World First-Class Universities and First-Class Academic Disciplines Construction''' ({{zh|c=世界一流大学和一流学科建设|labels=no}}), together known as '''Double First-Class Construction''' ({{zh|c=双一流建设|labels=no}}),<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Shengbo |last2=Luo |first2=Xiaoting |last3=Liu |first3=Miaomiao |date=2023 |title=Was Chinese Double-First Class Construction Policy Influential? Analysis Using Propensity Score Matching |journal=Sustainability |language=en |volume=15 |issue=8 |pages=6378 |doi=10.3390/su15086378 |issn=2071-1050 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Double First-Class Construction Alliance established |url=https://english.pku.edu.cn/news_events/news/focus/7644.html |access-date=2024-01-13 |website=english.pku.edu.cn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=第二轮'双一流'建设高校及建设学科名单 The second round of double first-class construction universities and construction disciplines list |url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/s7065/202202/W020220214318455516037.pdf |access-date=2024-01-13 |website=Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China |archive-date=February 14, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220214040700/http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/s7065/202202/W020220214318455516037.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=深入推进新一轮'双一流'建设 Deeply promote a new round of double first-class construction |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/comments/20220222/5dcddb0562d14b79afc61a624c14f15c/c.html |access-date=2024-01-14 |website=Xinhua News Agency}}</ref> is a higher education development and sponsorship scheme of the Chinese central government, initiated in 2015.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=教育部 财政部 国家发展改革委关于公布世界一流大学和一流学科建设高校及建设学科名单的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站 |url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/moe_843/201709/t20170921_314942.html |access-date=2024-01-06 |website=www.moe.gov.cn |archive-date=March 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327090945/http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/moe_843/201709/t20170921_314942.html |url-status=live }}</ref> There are 147 universities and colleges selected to be part of the program.<ref name="Australian Department of Education">{{Cite web |title=Implementation measures released for China's new world-class university policy |url=https://internationaleducation.gov.au/News/Latest-News/Pages/Implementation-measures-released-for-China%E2%80%99s-new-world-class-university-policy.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200317200144/https://internationaleducation.gov.au/News/Latest-News/Pages/Implementation-measures-released-for-China%E2%80%99s-new-world-class-university-policy.aspx |archive-date=March 17, 2020 |access-date=September 26, 2017}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=全国高等学校名单 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站 |url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xxgk/s5743/s5744/A03/202110/t20211025_574874.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110164613/http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xxgk/s5743/s5744/A03/202110/t20211025_574874.html |archive-date=January 10, 2022 |access-date=2021-12-26 |website=www.moe.gov.cn}}</ref>
+The '''World First-Class Universities and First-Class Academic Disciplines Construction''' ({{lang-zh|c=世界一流大学和一流学科建设|labels=no}}), together known as '''Double First-Class Initiative''' ({{lang-zh|c=双一流建设|labels=no}}),<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=Shengbo |last2=Luo |first2=Xiaoting |last3=Liu |first3=Miaomiao |date=2023 |title=Was Chinese Double-First Class Construction Policy Influential? Analysis Using Propensity Score Matching |journal=Sustainability |volume=15 |issue=8 |pages=6378 |doi=10.3390/su15086378 |issn=2071-1050 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Double First-Class Construction Alliance established |url=https://english.pku.edu.cn/news_events/news/focus/7644.html |access-date=2024-01-13 |website=english.pku.edu.cn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=第二轮'双一流'建设高校及建设学科名单 The second round of double first-class construction universities and construction disciplines list |url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/s7065/202202/W020220214318455516037.pdf |access-date=2024-01-13 |website=Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China |archive-date=February 14, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220214040700/http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/s7065/202202/W020220214318455516037.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=深入推进新一轮'双一流'建设 Deeply promote a new round of double first-class construction |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/comments/20220222/5dcddb0562d14b79afc61a624c14f15c/c.html |access-date=2024-01-14 |website=Xinhua News Agency}}</ref> is a higher education development and sponsorship scheme of the Chinese central government, initiated in 2015.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |script-title=zh:教育部 财政部 国家发展改革委关于公布世界一流大学和一流学科建设高校及建设学科名单的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站 |url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/moe_843/201709/t20170921_314942.html |access-date=2024-01-06 |website=www.moe.gov.cn |archive-date=March 27, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327090945/http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/moe_843/201709/t20170921_314942.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The universities included in the Double First Class Initiative are recognized as "'''Double First-Class Universities'''".<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=China to further promote the Double First-Class Initiative - Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China |url=http://en.moe.gov.cn/news/press_releases/202203/t20220301_603547.html |access-date=2025-12-06 |website=en.moe.gov.cn}}</ref> There are 147 universities and colleges selected to be part of the program.<ref name="Australian Department of Education">{{Cite web |title=Implementation measures released for China's new world-class university policy |url=https://internationaleducation.gov.au/News/Latest-News/Pages/Implementation-measures-released-for-China%E2%80%99s-new-world-class-university-policy.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200317200144/https://internationaleducation.gov.au/News/Latest-News/Pages/Implementation-measures-released-for-China%E2%80%99s-new-world-class-university-policy.aspx |archive-date=March 17, 2020 |access-date=September 26, 2017}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |script-title=zh:全国高等学校名单 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站 |url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xxgk/s5743/s5744/A03/202110/t20211025_574874.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110164613/http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xxgk/s5743/s5744/A03/202110/t20211025_574874.html |archive-date=January 10, 2022 |access-date=2021-12-26 |website=www.moe.gov.cn}}</ref>
-The program was announced under the [[general secretaryship of Xi Jinping|Xi Jinping administration]] in 2015 to replace the original higher education development programs [[Project 211]] and [[Project 985]], established by the [[Jiang Zemin]] administration in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=985、211已成为历史 统筹为“双一流”建设高校 |url=https://www.lucheng.gov.cn/art/2019/12/9/art_1531267_40908182.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20241102151223/https://www.lucheng.gov.cn/art/2019/12/9/art_1531267_40908182.html |archive-date=2024-11-02 |access-date=2024-11-02 |website=浙江省温州市鹿城区人民政府}}</ref>
+The program was announced under the [[general secretaryship of Xi Jinping|Xi Jinping administration]] in 2015 to replace the original higher education development programs [[Project 211]] and [[Project 985]].<ref>{{Cite web |script-title=zh:985、211已成为历史 统筹为“双一流”建设高校 |url=https://www.lucheng.gov.cn/art/2019/12/9/art_1531267_40908182.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20241102151223/https://www.lucheng.gov.cn/art/2019/12/9/art_1531267_40908182.html |archive-date=2024-11-02 |access-date=2024-11-02 |script-website=zh:浙江省温州市鹿城区人民政府}}</ref>
 == History ==
-In October 2015, the State Council of China published the "Overall Plan for Promoting the Construction of World First-Class Universities and First-Class Disciplines" (Double First-Class Construction), which made new arrangements for the development of higher education in China, replacing previous higher education projects.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=国务院关于印发统筹推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设总体方案的通知_政府信息公开专栏|url=http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2015-11/05/content_10269.htm|access-date=2021-12-24|website=www.gov.cn|archive-date=April 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406125346/http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2015-11/05/content_10269.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last1=Li |first1=Jian |title=The Policy Analysis of Creating World-Class Universities in China |date=2021 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6726-8_1 |work=Creating World-Class Universities in China : Ideas, Policies, and Efforts |pages=1–33 |editor-last=Li |editor-first=Jian |place=Singapore |publisher=Springer |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-981-16-6726-8_1 |isbn=978-981-16-6725-1 |access-date= |last2=Xue |first2=Eryong |series=Exploring Education Policy in a Globalized World: Concepts, Contexts, and Practices |s2cid=240467383 |editor2-last=Xue |editor2-first=Eryong |archive-date=April 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220417045146/https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-16-6726-8_1 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref>
+In October 2015, the State Council of China published the "Overall Plan for Promoting the Construction of World First-Class Universities and First-Class Disciplines" (Double First-Class Initiative), which made new arrangements for the development of higher education in China, replacing previous higher education projects.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|script-title=zh:国务院关于印发统筹推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设总体方案的通知_政府信息公开专栏|url=http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2015-11/05/content_10269.htm|access-date=2021-12-24|website=www.gov.cn|archive-date=April 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406125346/http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2015-11/05/content_10269.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last1=Li |first1=Jian |chapter=The Policy Analysis of Creating World-Class Universities in China |date=2021 |chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6726-8_1 |title=Creating World-Class Universities in China : Ideas, Policies, and Efforts |pages=1–33 |editor-last=Li |editor-first=Jian |place=Singapore |publisher=Springer |doi=10.1007/978-981-16-6726-8_1 |isbn=978-981-16-6725-1 |last2=Xue |first2=Eryong |series=Exploring Education Policy in a Globalized World: Concepts, Contexts, and Practices |s2cid=240467383 |editor2-last=Xue |editor2-first=Eryong |archive-date=April 17, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220417045146/https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-16-6726-8_1 |url-status=live |chapter-url-access=subscription }}</ref>
-In June 2016, the [[Ministry of Education (China)|Ministry of Education of China]] announced that the Project 211 and Project 985 had already been abolished and replaced by the Double First-Class Construction Initiative.<ref>{{Cite web |title=教育部 国务院学位委员会 国家语委关于 宣布失效一批规范性文件的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站 |url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A02/s5911/moe_621/201606/t20160622_269365.html |access-date=2022-12-19 |website=www.moe.gov.cn |archive-date=March 7, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190307053940/http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A02/s5911/moe_621/201606/t20160622_269365.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title="985""211"工程将废除 教育部:年内启动"双一流"_新闻频道_中华网 |url=https://news.china.com/domestic/945/20160629/22954722.html |access-date=2022-12-19 |website=news.china.com |archive-date=December 19, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221219072758/https://news.china.com/domestic/945/20160629/22954722.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
+In June 2016, the [[Ministry of Education (China)|Ministry of Education of China]] announced that the Project 211 and Project 985 had been abolished and replaced by the Double First-Class Construction Initiative.<ref>{{Cite web |script-title=zh:教育部 国务院学位委员会 国家语委关于 宣布失效一批规范性文件的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站 |url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A02/s5911/moe_621/201606/t20160622_269365.html |access-date=2022-12-19 |website=www.moe.gov.cn |archive-date=March 7, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190307053940/http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A02/s5911/moe_621/201606/t20160622_269365.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |script-title=zh:"985""211"工程将废除 教育部:年内启动"双一流"_新闻频道_中华网 |url=https://news.china.com/domestic/945/20160629/22954722.html |access-date=2022-12-19 |website=news.china.com |archive-date=December 19, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221219072758/https://news.china.com/domestic/945/20160629/22954722.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
-In September 2017, the full list of the universities and their disciplines of the Double First-Class Construction was jointly published by the Ministry of Education of China, the [[Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Finance of China]] and the [[National Development and Reform Commission|National Development and Reform Commission of China]]. According to the list, 140 universities have been approved as 'Double First-Class Construction Universities' by the State Council of China. The Double First-Class Construction policy underlines that driving the overall development of universities by building and strengthening their faculties and departments, and ultimately develop the Double First-Class Construction Universities into world-class universities by 2050.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="China Daily">{{Cite web |title=双一流大学 (shuāngyīliú dàxué): Double top university plan |url=https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2017-09/25/content_32446664.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170925043627/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2017-09/25/content_32446664.htm |archive-date=September 25, 2017 |access-date=September 26, 2017}}</ref><ref name="Chinese Department of Education">{{Cite web|url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/moe_843/201709/t20170921_314942.html|title=教育部 财政部 国家发展改革委 关于公布世界一流大学和一流学科建设高校及建设 学科名单的通知 (Notice from the Ministry of Education and other national governmental departments announcing the list of double first class universities and disciplines)|language=zh-Hans|access-date=September 26, 2017|archive-date=March 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327090945/http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/moe_843/201709/t20170921_314942.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
+The purpose of the program is to "enhance the comprehensive strength and international competitiveness of China's higher education." The phase-specific objectives include that "an increasing number of Chinese universities and their disciplines join the ranks of world-class institutions, and a number of universities enter the forefront of global excellence, with a group of disciplines reaching the forefront of world-class standings by 2030," and "developing the Double First-Class Construction Universities into world-class higher education institutions through building and strengthening their faculties and departments by the mid-21st century."<ref name=":0" /><ref name="people.cn">{{cite news |date=September 21, 2017 |title=China to develop 42 world-class universities |url=http://en.people.cn/n3/2017/0921/c90000-9272101.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200812203050/http://en.people.cn/n3/2017/0921/c90000-9272101.html |archive-date=August 12, 2020 |access-date=September 26, 2017 |work=People's Daily}}</ref><ref name="Australian Department of Education" />
-In February 2022, the "Some Suggestions on Further Promoting the Construction of World First-Class Universities and First-Class Disciplines" were jointly published by the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Finance, and the National Development and Reform Commission.<ref>{{Cite web|title=教育部 财政部 国家发展改革委关于深入推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设的若干意见 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站|url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/s7065/202202/t20220211_598706.html|access-date=2022-02-14|website=www.moe.gov.cn|archive-date=February 14, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220214114029/http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/s7065/202202/t20220211_598706.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In addition, with the approval of the State Council of China, the updated Phase 2 list of "Double First-Class Construction Universities" has been released. According to the Phase 2 List of the Double First-Class Construction, the previous university classifications have been abolished, and a total number of 147 universities have been included in the plan (accounted for 4.88% of 3,012 Chinese higher education institutions), after 7 universities newly adding into the list since February 2022.<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite web|title='World-class' universities list expanded - People's Daily Online|url=http://en.people.cn/n3/2022/0215/c90000-9957790.html|access-date=2022-02-19|website=en.people.cn|archive-date=February 15, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220215013544/http://en.people.cn/n3/2022/0215/c90000-9957790.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=教育部 财政部 国家发展改革委关于公布第二轮"双一流"建设高校及建设学科名单的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站|url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/s7065/202202/t20220211_598710.html|access-date=2022-02-14|website=www.moe.gov.cn|archive-date=March 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220312033448/http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/s7065/202202/t20220211_598710.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
+In September 2017, the full list of the universities and their disciplines of the Double First-Class Construction was jointly published by the Ministry of Education of China, the [[Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China|Ministry of Finance of China]] and the [[National Development and Reform Commission|National Development and Reform Commission of China]]. According to the list, 140 universities had been approved as 'Double First-Class Universities' by the State Council of China. The Double First-Class Construction policy sought to drive the overall development of universities by building and strengthening their faculties and departments, and ultimately develop the Double First-Class Construction Universities into world-class universities by 2050.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="China Daily">{{Cite web |title=双一流大学 (shuāngyīliú dàxué): Double top university plan |url=https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2017-09/25/content_32446664.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170925043627/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/opinion/2017-09/25/content_32446664.htm |archive-date=September 25, 2017 |access-date=September 26, 2017}}</ref><ref name="Chinese Department of Education">{{Cite web|url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/moe_843/201709/t20170921_314942.html|script-title=zh:教育部 财政部 国家发展改革委 关于公布世界一流大学和一流学科建设高校及建设 学科名单的通知 |trans-title=Notice from the Ministry of Education and other national governmental departments announcing the list of double first class universities and disciplines |language=zh-Hans|access-date=September 26, 2017|archive-date=March 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327090945/http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/moe_843/201709/t20170921_314942.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
+In February 2022, "Some Suggestions on Further Promoting the Construction of World First-Class Universities and First-Class Disciplines" were jointly published by the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Finance, and the National Development and Reform Commission.<ref>{{Cite web|script-title=zh:教育部 财政部 国家发展改革委关于深入推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设的若干意见 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站|url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/s7065/202202/t20220211_598706.html|access-date=2022-02-14|website=www.moe.gov.cn|archive-date=February 14, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220214114029/http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/s7065/202202/t20220211_598706.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In addition, with the approval of the State Council of China, the updated Phase 2 list of "Double First-Class Construction Universities" was released. Under the Phase 2 List of the Double First-Class Construction, the previous university classifications were abolished, and a total number of 147 universities were included in the plan (accounted for 4.88% of 3,012 Chinese higher education institutions), after 7 additional universities were added to the list.<ref name=":4" /><ref>{{Cite web|title='World-class' universities list expanded - People's Daily Online|url=http://en.people.cn/n3/2022/0215/c90000-9957790.html|access-date=2022-02-19|website=en.people.cn|archive-date=February 15, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220215013544/http://en.people.cn/n3/2022/0215/c90000-9957790.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|script-title=zh:教育部 财政部 国家发展改革委关于公布第二轮"双一流"建设高校及建设学科名单的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站|url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/s7065/202202/t20220211_598710.html|access-date=2022-02-14|website=www.moe.gov.cn|archive-date=March 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220312033448/http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/s7065/202202/t20220211_598710.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
-The purpose of the program is to "enhance the comprehensive strength and international competitiveness of China's higher education." The phase-specific objectives include that "an increasing number of Chinese universities and their disciplines join the ranks of world-class institutions, and a number of universities enter the forefront of global excellence, with a group of disciplines reaching the forefront of world-class standings by 2030," and "developing the Double First-Class Construction Universities into world-class higher education institutions through building and strengthening their faculties and departments by the mid-21st century."<ref name=":0" /><ref name="people.cn">{{cite news |date=21 September 2017 |title=China to develop 42 world-class universities |url=http://en.people.cn/n3/2017/0921/c90000-9272101.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200812203050/http://en.people.cn/n3/2017/0921/c90000-9272101.html |archive-date=August 12, 2020 |access-date=September 26, 2017 |work=People's Daily}}</ref><ref name="Australian Department of Education" />
-== List of Double First-Class Construction universities ==
+== List of Double First-Class Universities ==
 {{See also|List of universities in China}}
-The Phase 1 list of 140 Double First-Class Construction Universities were jointly issued by Chinese Ministry of Education, Ministry of Finance, and National Development and Reform Commission without any ranking within the lists (by "school code") in 2017.<ref name="Chinese Department of Education" /> In February 2022, the Ministry of Education of China announced that the classifications had been invalidated,<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|last=财经头条|title=教育部: 双一流高校不再区分A类B类, 避免划分"三六九等"|url=https://cj.sina.com.cn/articles/view/1644114654/http%3A%2F%2Fcj.sina.com.cn%2Farticles%2Fview%2F1644114654%2F61ff32de02001g0yp|access-date=2022-02-14|website=cj.sina.com.cn|archive-date=February 14, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220214235107/https://cj.sina.com.cn/articles/view/1644114654/http://cj.sina.com.cn/articles/view/1644114654/61ff32de02001g0yp|url-status=dead}}</ref> and the universities included in the Double First-Class Construction should be referred to as Double First-Class Construction Universities.<ref>{{Cite web|title=教育部: 逐步淡化一流大学建设高校和一流学科建设高校的身份色彩|url=http://news.cyol.com/gb/articles/2022-02/08/content_9BlBEHaGq.html|access-date=2022-02-08|website=news.cyol.com|archive-date=February 8, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208132038/http://news.cyol.com/gb/articles/2022-02/08/content_9BlBEHaGq.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=教育部2022年工作要点 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站 |url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_sjzl/moe_164/202202/t20220208_597666.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208135551/http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_sjzl/moe_164/202202/t20220208_597666.html |archive-date=February 8, 2022 |access-date=2022-02-08 |website=www.moe.gov.cn}}</ref> According to the updated Phase 2 list of the Double First-Class Construction (without any ranking within the list), a total of 147 universities have been approved and recognized as Double First-Class Construction Universities.<ref name=":3" />
+The Phase 1 list of 140 Double First-Class Universities was jointly issued by Chinese Ministry of Education, Ministry of Finance, and National Development and Reform Commission without any ranking within the lists (by "school code") in 2017.<ref name="Chinese Department of Education" /> In February 2022, the Ministry of Education of China announced that the classifications had been invalidated,<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|last=财经头条|script-title=zh:教育部: 双一流高校不再区分A类B类, 避免划分"三六九等"|url=https://cj.sina.com.cn/articles/view/1644114654/http%3A%2F%2Fcj.sina.com.cn%2Farticles%2Fview%2F1644114654%2F61ff32de02001g0yp|access-date=2022-02-14|website=cj.sina.com.cn|archive-date=February 14, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220214235107/https://cj.sina.com.cn/articles/view/1644114654/http://cj.sina.com.cn/articles/view/1644114654/61ff32de02001g0yp|url-status=dead}}</ref> and the universities included in the Double First-Class Construction should be referred to as Double First-Class Universities.<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{Cite web|script-title=zh:教育部: 逐步淡化一流大学建设高校和一流学科建设高校的身份色彩|url=http://news.cyol.com/gb/articles/2022-02/08/content_9BlBEHaGq.html|access-date=2022-02-08|website=news.cyol.com|archive-date=February 8, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208132038/http://news.cyol.com/gb/articles/2022-02/08/content_9BlBEHaGq.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |script-title=zh:教育部2022年工作要点 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站 |url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_sjzl/moe_164/202202/t20220208_597666.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220208135551/http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_sjzl/moe_164/202202/t20220208_597666.html |archive-date=February 8, 2022 |access-date=2022-02-08 |website=www.moe.gov.cn}}</ref> According to the updated Phase 2 list of the Double First-Class Universities (without any ranking within the list), a total of 147 universities have been approved and recognized as Double First-Class Universities.<ref name=":3" />
 * [[Beijing]] (34)
@@ Line 69: / Line 70: @@
 ** [[University of International Business and Economics]]
 ** [[University of Science and Technology Beijing]]
 * [[Jiangsu]] (16)
 ** [[Nanjing]] (13)
@@ Line 91: / Line 91: @@
 ** [[Xuzhou]]
 *** [[China University of Mining and Technology]]
 * [[Shanghai]] (15)
 ** [[Donghua University]]
@@ Line 108: / Line 107: @@
 ** [[Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine]]
 ** [[Tongji University]]
 * [[Guangdong]] (8)
 ** [[Guangzhou]] (7)
@@ Line 120: / Line 118: @@
 ** [[Shenzhen]]
 *** [[Southern University of Science and Technology]]{{efn|name=phase-2}}
 * [[Shaanxi]] (8)
 ** [[Xi'an]] (7)
@@ Line 132: / Line 129: @@
 ** [[Xianyang]]
 *** [[Northwest A&F University]]
 * [[Sichuan]] (8)
 ** [[Chengdu]] (7)
@@ Line 144: / Line 140: @@
 ** [[Ya'an]]
 *** [[Sichuan Agricultural University]]
 *  [[Wuhan]], [[Hubei]] (7)
 ** [[China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)]]
@@ Line 153: / Line 148: @@
 ** [[Central China Normal University]]
 ** [[Zhongnan University of Economics and Law]]
 * [[Tianjin]] (6)
 ** [[Hebei University of Technology]]
@@ Line 161: / Line 155: @@
 ** [[Tianjin University]]
 ** [[Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine]]
 * [[Hunan]] (5)
 ** [[Changsha]] (4)
@@ Line 170: / Line 163: @@
 ** [[Xiangtan]]
 *** [[Xiangtan University]]{{efn|name=phase-2}}
 * [[Harbin]], [[Heilongjiang]] (4)
 ** [[Harbin Engineering University]]
@@ Line 176: / Line 168: @@
 ** [[Northeast Agricultural University]]
 ** [[Northeast Forestry University]]
 * [[Liaoning]] (4)
 ** [[Shenyang]] (2)
@@ Line 184: / Line 175: @@
 *** [[Dalian Maritime University]]
 *** [[Dalian University of Technology]]
 * [[Hefei]], [[Anhui]] (3)
 ** [[Anhui University]]
 ** [[Hefei University of Technology]]
 ** [[University of Science and Technology of China]]
 * [[Jilin]] (3)
 ** [[Changchun]] (2)
@@ Line 196: / Line 185: @@
 ** [[Yanji]]
 *** [[Yanbian University]]
 * [[Shandong]] (3)
 ** [[Qingdao]] (2)
@@ Line 203: / Line 191: @@
 ** [[Jinan]]
 *** [[Shandong University]]
 * [[Zhejiang]] (3)
 ** [[Hangzhou]] (2)
@@ Line 210: / Line 197: @@
 ** [[Ningbo]]
 *** [[Ningbo University]]
 * [[Chongqing]] (2)
 ** [[Chongqing University]]
 ** [[Southwest University]]
 * [[Fujian]] (2)
 ** [[Xiamen]]
@@ Line 220: / Line 205: @@
 ** [[Fuzhou]]
 *** [[Fuzhou University]]
 * [[Henan]] (2)
 ** [[Kaifeng]]
@@ Line 226: / Line 210: @@
 ** [[Zhengzhou]]
 *** [[Zhengzhou University]]
 * [[Taiyuan]], [[Shanxi]] (2)
 ** [[Shanxi University]]{{efn|name=phase-2}}
 ** [[Taiyuan University of Technology]]
 * [[Xinjiang]] (2)
 ** [[Shihezi]]
@@ Line 236: / Line 218: @@
 ** [[Ürümqi]]
 *** [[Xinjiang University]]
 * [[Guiyang]], [[Guizhou]]
 ** [[Guizhou University]]
 * [[Lanzhou]], [[Gansu]]
 ** [[Lanzhou University]]
 * [[Haikou]], [[Hainan]]
 ** [[Hainan University]]
 * [[Nanchang]], [[Jiangxi]]
 ** [[Nanchang University]]
 * [[Xining]], [[Qinghai]]
 ** [[Qinghai University]]
 * [[Kunming]], [[Yunnan]]
 ** [[Yunnan University]]
 * [[Nanning]], [[Guangxi]]
 ** [[Guangxi University]]
 * [[Hohhot]], [[Inner Mongolia]]
 ** [[Inner Mongolia University]]
 * [[Yinchuan]], [[Ningxia]]
 ** [[Ningxia University]]
 * [[Lhasa]], [[Tibet]]
 ** [[Tibet University]]
 == Re-assessment ==
-According to the 'Phase 2 List of the Double First-Class Construction Initiative' jointly published by the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Finance, and the National Development and Reform Commission in February 2022, 15 universities received warnings on their Double First-Class status revocation (including [[Anhui University]], [[Beijing University of Chinese Medicine]], [[Central China Normal University]], [[Guangxi University]], [[Inner Mongolia University]], [[Liaoning University]], [[Ningbo University]], [[Ningxia University]], [[Northeast Normal University]], [[Shanghai University of Finance and Economics]], [[Tibet University]], [[Army Medical University|Third Military Medical University]], [[Xinjiang University]], [[Yanbian University]], and [[Zhongnan University of Economics and Law]]). These 15 universities were required to rectify and improve their research qualities and development, and if the universities failed to pass the final assessment in 2024, they would lose their Double First-Class Construction statuses.<ref>{{Cite web |title=教育部 财政部 国家发展改革委 关于公布第二轮"双一流"建设高校及 建设学科名单的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站 |url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/s7065/202202/t20220211_598710.html |access-date=2023-01-26 |website=www.moe.gov.cn |archive-date=March 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220312033448/http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/s7065/202202/t20220211_598710.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=16个首轮"双一流"建设学科被公开警示或撤销, 如何看待-光明日报-光明网 |url=https://epaper.gmw.cn/gmrb/html/2022-02/15/nw.D110000gmrb_20220215_3-04.htm |access-date=2023-01-26 |website=epaper.gmw.cn |archive-date=January 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230126151753/https://epaper.gmw.cn/gmrb/html/2022-02/15/nw.D110000gmrb_20220215_3-04.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
+According to the 'Phase 2 List of the Double First-Class Initiative' jointly published by the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Finance, and the National Development and Reform Commission in February 2022, 15 universities received warnings on their Double First-Class status revocation (including [[Anhui University]], [[Beijing University of Chinese Medicine]], [[Central China Normal University]], [[Guangxi University]], [[Inner Mongolia University]], [[Liaoning University]], [[Ningbo University]], [[Ningxia University]], [[Northeast Normal University]], [[Shanghai University of Finance and Economics]], [[Tibet University]], [[Army Medical University|Third Military Medical University]], [[Xinjiang University]], [[Yanbian University]], and [[Zhongnan University of Economics and Law]]). These 15 universities were required to rectify and improve their research qualities and development, and if the universities failed to pass the final assessment in 2024, they would lose their Double First-Class Construction statuses.<ref>{{Cite web |script-title=zh:教育部 财政部 国家发展改革委 关于公布第二轮"双一流"建设高校及 建设学科名单的通知 - 中华人民共和国教育部政府门户网站 |url=http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/s7065/202202/t20220211_598710.html |access-date=2023-01-26 |website=www.moe.gov.cn |archive-date=March 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220312033448/http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/s7065/202202/t20220211_598710.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |script-title=zh:16个首轮"双一流"建设学科被公开警示或撤销, 如何看待-光明日报-光明网 |url=https://epaper.gmw.cn/gmrb/html/2022-02/15/nw.D110000gmrb_20220215_3-04.htm |access-date=2023-01-26 |website=epaper.gmw.cn |archive-date=January 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230126151753/https://epaper.gmw.cn/gmrb/html/2022-02/15/nw.D110000gmrb_20220215_3-04.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
 ==See also==
@@ Line 283: / Line 255: @@
 {{Notelist}}
-{{-}}
+{{Clear}}
 {{Education in China}}

v t e Education in China
Education system
History	Imperial examination Mandarin (bureaucrat) Scholar-bureaucrats Taixue Academies of Classical Learning Chinese educators Burning of books and burying of scholars Guozijian Beijing Guozijian Hundred Schools of Thought Scouting in China Digital divide in China Challenge Cup Competition of Science Achievement in China May Fourth Movement 1952 reorganization Simplified Chinese Education inequality in China
Academies	Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Chinese Academy of Engineering
Projects	Plan 111 Project 211 Project 985 Double First-Class Construction Project Hope Thousand Talents Plan
Administration	Ministry of Education National Education Examinations Authority
Basic	Primary education Secondary education Boarding schools Private and public schools Zhongkao
Vocational	Vocation education
Higher	Gaokao National Key Disciplines College English Test National Key Universities Academic grading in China State Key Laboratories JUPAS for HKSAR students Academic ranks in China Self-Taught Higher Education Examinations
Libraries	Archives in China Book collecting in China National Library of China Nanjing Library Shanghai Library
Specialist	Medical schools Business schools Law schools Foreign-language schools Schools of Journalism and Communication
Int'l cooperation	Association of East Asian Research Universities Association of Pacific Rim Universities Global U8 Consortium International Alliance of Research Universities Universitas 21 Worldwide Universities Network
Subject areas	English education Ideological and political education Morality and the Rule of Law Patriotic education
Exams	Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi Putonghua Proficiency Test Zhíyè Hànyŭ Nénglì Cèshì Common Recruitment Examination Language Proficiency Assessment for Teachers College English Test Quanguo Waiyu Shuiping Kaoshi Public English Test System
Rankings	List of universities and colleges ARWU BCUR Wu Shulian CUAA Netbig
See also: Rankings of universities in China, Science and technology in China, and Types of universities and colleges in China

Northern Moonlight (talk | contribs)

Latest revision as of 03:45, 18 September 2026

History

List of Double First-Class Universities

Re-assessment

See also

References