3-Way: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox block cipher |
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| name = 3-Way |
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| image = |
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| caption = |
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| designers = [[Joan Daemen]] |
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| publish date = 1994 |
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| derived from = |
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| derived to = [[NOEKEON]] |
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| related to = [[BaseKing]] |
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| key size = 96 bits |
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| block size = 96 bits |
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| structure = [[Substitution-permutation network]] |
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| rounds = 11 |
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| cryptanalysis = [[related-key attack]] |
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}} |
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In [[cryptography]], '''3-Way''' is a [[block cipher]] designed in [[1994]] by [[Joan Daemen]], who also (with [[Vincent Rijmen]]) designed [[Rijndael]], the winner of [[NIST]]'s [[Advanced Encryption Standard]] (AES) contest. |
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3-Way has a [[block size (cryptography)|block size]] of 96 [[bit]]s, notably not a [[power of two]] such as the more common 64 or 128 bits. The [[key length]] is also 96 bits. The figure 96 arises from the use of three 32 bit [[word]]s in the algorithm, from which also is derived the [[cipher]]'s name. When 3-Way was invented, 96-bit keys and blocks were quite strong, but more recent ciphers have a 128-bit block, and few now have keys shorter than 128 bits. 3-Way is an 11-round [[substitution-permutation network]]. |
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3-Way is designed to be very efficient in a wide range of platforms from 8-bit processors to specialised [[Computer hardware|hardware]], and has some elegant mathematical features which enable nearly all the decryption to be done in exactly the same circuits as did the encryption. |
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3-Way is vulnerable to [[Related-key attack|related key]] [[cryptanalysis]]; [[John Kelsey (cryptanalyst)|John Kelsey]], [[Bruce Schneier]], and [[David Wagner]] show how it can be broken with one related key query and about <math>2^{22}</math> chosen [[plaintext]]s. |
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==References== |
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* {{ cite conference |
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| author = J. Daemen, R. Govaerts, [[Joos Vandewalle|J. Vandewalle]] |
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| title = A New Approach to Block Cipher Design |
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| booktitle = [[Fast Software Encryption]] (FSE) 1993 |
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| pages = pp.18–32 |
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| publisher = [[Springer-Verlag]] |
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| date = 1993 }} |
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* {{ cite conference |
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| author = J. Kelsey, B. Schneier, and D. Wagner |
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| title = Related-Key Cryptanalysis of 3-WAY, Biham-DES, CAST, DES-X, NewDES, RC2, and TEA |
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| booktitle = ICICS '97 Proceedings |
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| pages = pp.233–246 |
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| publisher = Springer-Verlag |
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| date = November 1997 |
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| url = http://www.schneier.com/paper-relatedkey.html |
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| format = [[PDF]]/[[PostScript]] |
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| accessdate = 2007-02-14 }} |
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==External links== |
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* [http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/hopwood/crypto/scan/cs.html#3-Way SCAN's entry for 3-Way] |
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* [http://www.esat.kuleuven.ac.be/~cosicart/ps/JD-9500/ Chapter 7 of Daemen's thesis] ([[gzip]]ped Postscript) |
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<!-- * [http://home.ecn.ab.ca/~jsavard/crypto/co040307.htm John Savard's description of 3-Way] --> |
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{{Crypto navbox | block}} |
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[[Category:Block ciphers]] |
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[[fr:3-Way]] |
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