Hirohito And The Making Of Modern Japan

Front Cover
Harper Collins, Oct 13, 2009 - Biography & Autobiography - 832 pages

Winner of the Pulitzer Prize

“A startling work — awesomely ambitious, faultlessly researched, daring in its thesis, and profound in its implications."  — Business Week

"Magnificent. . . . everything a political biography should be."  — Richmond Times-Dispatch

This rich and powerful political biography is now given fresh relevance with a new introduction by the author that explores how Hirohito’s legacy persists in Japan to this day, and how US foreign policy in the region in the last ten years is informed by our troubled past with Japan and with Hirohito as a ruler specifically.

Trained since childhood to lead his nation as a living deity, Japan’s Emperor Hirohito cultivated the image of a reluctant, detached monarch, a façade which masked a fierce cunning and powerful ambition. Historian Herbert P. Bix has unearned hundreds of previously untapped documents including the unpublished letters and diaries of Hirohito’s royal court, tracing the key events of his sixty-three-year reign (1926 – 1989), and shedding light on his uniquely active yet self-effacing stewardship. Debunking the common image of Hirohito as a pawn in the hands of the military, Bix exposes the emperor’s personal involvement in every stage of the Pacific War. With rare insight, he shows how Hirohito avoided punishment for his nation’s defeat and how the Japanese people have struggled to come to terms with this dark chapter in their Japanese history.

This Pulitzer Prize-winning study reveals:

  • A Deceiving Public Image: Uncover the façade of the reluctant monarch and meet the fiercely cunning and ambitious ruler who actively shaped his sixty-three-year reign.
  • The Emperor’s War: Drawing from previously untapped letters and diaries, Bix exposes Hirohito’s personal involvement in every stage of the Pacific War, debunking the myth of him as a mere pawn.
  • Post-War Reckoning: Explore the complex reasons why the emperor avoided punishment for his nation’s defeat and how the Japanese people have struggled with this controversial legacy.
  • Modern Relevance: A new introduction analyzes how Hirohito’s story persists today and continues to inform US foreign policy in the region.
 

Contents

Cultivating an Emperor
57
Confronting the Real World
83
PART II
129
THE POLITICS OF GOOD INTENTIONS 19221930
136
The Regency and the Crisis of Taishō Democracy 127
149
5
155
The New Monarchy and the New Nationalism
171
6
205
9
317
Stalemate and Escalation
359
Prologue to Pearl Harbor
437
Delayed Surrender
489
A Monarchy Reinvented
533
The Tokyo Trial
612
Salvaging the Imperial Mystique
619
The Quiet Years and the Legacies of Shōwa
647

PART III
212
7
235
8
241
Restoration and Repression
279
Notes
689
Index
785
Copyright

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Common terms and phrases

Popular passages

Page 222 - in the names of their respective peoples that they condemn recourse to war for the solution of international controversies, and renounce it as an instrument of national policy in their relations with one another.‎
Page 558 - The authority of the Emperor and the Japanese Government to rule the state shall be subject to the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers who will take such steps as he deems proper to effectuate these terms of surrender.‎
Page 30 - divine, and sacred. He is preeminent above all his subjects. He must be reverenced and is inviolable. He has indeed to pay due respect to the law, but the law has no power to hold him accountable to it. ... He shall not be made a topic of derogatory comment nor‎
Page 31 - should emergency arise, offer yourselves courageously to the State; and thus guard and maintain the prosperity of Our Imperial Throne coeval with heaven and earth.‎
Page 30 - The Sacred Throne was established at the time when the heavens and the earth became separated." (Kojiki) The Emperor is Heaven descended, divine, and sacred. He is preeminent above all his subjects. He must be reverenced and is inviolable. He has indeed to pay due respect to the law, but the law has no power to hold him accountable to it.‎
Page 534 - they agreed to reformulate their acceptance to read: "with the understanding that the said declaration does not comprise any demand that prejudices the prerogatives of his majesty as a sovereign ruler‎
Page 544 - Having been able to safeguard and maintain the structure of the imperial state, we are always with ye, Our good and loyal subjects, relying upon your sincerity and integrity. Beware most strictly of any outbursts of emotion that‎
Page 544 - engender needless complications, or any fraternal contention and strife that may create confusion, lead ye astray and cause ye to lose the confidence of the world. Let the entire nation continue as one family from generation to generation, ever firm in its faith of the imperishability of its divine land,‎
Page 172 - [t]he empire of Japan shall be reigned over and governed by a line of emperors unbroken for ages eternal,‎

About the author (2009)

Herbert P. Bix grew up in Winthrop, Massachusetts, and earned his Ph.D. in history and Far Eastern languages from Harvard University. For the past thirty years he has written extensively on modern and contemporary Japanese history in leading journals in the United States and Japan. He has taught Japanese history at a number of American and Japanese universities, most recently at Harvard, and is currently a professor in the Graduate School of Social Sciences at Hitotsubashi University in Tokyo.