Religion and the People of Western Europe, 1789-1970

Anglican anti-clerical areas became belief bishops bourgeois bourgeoisie Britain Catholic church Catholicism cent chapel Chapter Cholvy Christian church attendance church-going cities clergy clergymen conflict countries dechristianisation decline département devout dominated early nineteenth century East Germany eighteenth élite England English established evangelical faith forms France French Germany go to church groups identity included industrial influence instance institutions Ireland Irish irreligion Labour large numbers liberal Lille lives London lower middle class mainly majority mass Massif Central membership Methodist moral movement Netherlands nineteenth century Nonconformist Nonconformity official churches op.cit organisations Oxford Paris parish parishioners Party peasants period pilgrimages political poor popular population practice priests Protestant Protestantism radical Reformation religion religious representative on mission revival Revolution Roman Catholic rural saints schools sectarian sections secular secularisation seems social socialist society Spain sub-culture Sunday teetotal tended towns Ultramontane urban Victorian villages western Europe women workers working-class