Ethnic Conflicts in the Former USSR

14th army April Armenia August authorities autonomous republic autonomy Azerbaijan Baltic Bendery Bessarabia central Chechen Chechnia claims collective violence Communist party cultural December declared districts Dniestr Dubossary economic elections escalation Estonian government ethnic dominants ethnic groups ethnic minorities ethnic subordinates ethnopolitical conflicts ex-Union republics ex-USSR republics formations former USSR Gagauz Gagauzia Georgia hostilities independence Inghushes interethnic violence Izvestija June Kazakhstan Kishinev Kuranty languages leaders Left-bank Moldova legitimacy majority March Moldavian Moldova parliament Moldova Supreme Soviet Moldova-Pridnestrovje Molotov-Ribbentrop pact Moscow movements Narva Nezavisimaja Moldova non-violent North Ossetia November October organized period PMSSR policies political ethnic President Pridnestrovje Pridnestrovjen guardsmen proclaimed referendum reported republican resulted Right-bank Moldova Romania Russian Federation Russian-speaking Russophone Russophone deputies Russophone minority Russophone population Rybnitsy September social socialist socio-political change Sovetskaja Estonia Sovetskaja Moldova status Supreme Soviet tension territory Tilly titular nationality Tyraspol Ukraine Ukrainian Union centre Union republics USSR violent conflicts violent interethnic conflicts